英语商务合同长句的语用分析及其应用(二)-
三、复合长句及其翻译
为了保持合同的严谨性,英文商务合同中还经常使用含有多个从句的复合长句,以致句子结构长、语法关系复杂,但脉络清晰,表达准确,逻辑严密。在翻译这种类型的长句时,必须弄清原句结构关系,分清主次,翻译时以主句为主导,从句作说明,用规范的中文准确地传达出原文的意义。例如:
(1) This Agreement made this twentieth day of December 2000 between The International Transportation Co. Ltd. of 98 Wuyi Road,the City of Changsha,Party A,and The Far East Trading Co. Ltd.of 29 Piccadilly, the City of London,UK Party B.
Witnesses:
That Party A,in consideration of the agreement hereinafter contained of Party B,contracts and agrees with Party B,that he will deliver,in good and marketable condition,to Party B,during the month of March of next year,five thousand cases of sea,in the following lots,and on the following specified terms,vs:one thousand cases by the eighth of March,one thousand cases additional by the fifteenth of the month,one thousand cases more by the twenty second,and the entire five thousand cases to be all delivered by the thirtieth of March.
在上述长句中,主语是This Agreement,后接过去分词短语made...作后置定语。Witnesses用作主句的谓语,后接that引导的宾语从句。在这个冗长的宾语从句中,句子的主干是Party A...contracts and agrees with Party B...其后又有一个that引导的冗长的宾语从句。理顺了句子结构之后,我们发现修饰主语的定语过长,翻译时必须对其进行适当的切分。Witnesses在法律语言中常译为“兹约定”“兹证明”,因此我们不难将该句译为:
合同签订于2000年12月20日,长沙市五一路98号的国际运输有限公司为甲方,英国伦敦皮卡迪利大街29号的远东贸易有限公司为乙方。
兹约定:
考虑到乙方的允诺,甲方特与乙方订立协议并同意:由甲方负责,于定约之翌年3月份一月之内向乙方运送质地优良、符合行销标准的5 000箱茶叶,并按下列期限分批交货。即:到3月8日止交货1 000箱,3月15日另交货1000箱,到3月22日再交货1 000箱,至3月30日全部5 000箱茶叶如数交迄。
(2) The Buyer shall pay the Seller US 350,000 within 20 days after the Bank of China has received the following documents from the Seller and found them in order,but not earlier than 12(twelve) months after the date the Contract Plant for the first time reached 95% of guaranteed capacity of the whole Contract Plant according to the guaranteed quality indices as per Annex VI to the Contract or 65 months after the date of signing the contract,whichever is earlier.
此句中含有一个非常复杂的时间状语,界定了买方承担付款义务的时间,从语用的角度来看,but后面的部分实际上是对前一部分,即within 20 days after the Bank of China has received the following documents from the Sellerand found them in order的补充,同时语义上有转折关系;从英语的结构及表述方式上看,英语的状语放在句末,如此冗长的状语对行文规范及读者的理解都不构成任何问题,但如果机械地将如此冗长的状语原封不动地译成汉语并按照汉语行文习惯置于谓语的动词之前,就会使译文显得拖泥带水,难以达意。因此,翻译此句时可以采用化整为零的手法,将表示补充内容的较长部分转换成汉语的并列句,并将原文中时间状语所修饰的谓语部分的核心,即“支付款项”移植为并列句的主语。全句可译成:
买方须于中国银行收到卖方下列单据,并经审核证实无误后的20天内向卖方支付350000美元,但此款项的支付不得早于合同工厂第一次达到附件Ⅵ所规定之质量保证指标的95%以后的12个月,或本合同签字后的65个月,以早到的日期为准。(许国新,2002)