企业研究报告代写企业研究报告代写,为什么要做企业社会责任报告
总体来看,无论是国企、民企、跨国公司,绝大多数企业的企业社会责任状态都处于“初级阶段”——从抵制、对抗,逐步向“被迫”遵守纪律阶段过渡。
企业社会责任的生成背景
2007年岁末,一份份洋洋万言的《社会责任报告》纷纷出炉。其中占据大头的是央企,但也不乏一些知名民营企业,如万科、阿里巴巴等。
“在这种集体行动的背后,多少有些迫于外部的压力。”北京大学光华管理学院姜万军副教授对《第一财经日报》记者说。
2006年3月,国家电网发布了中国首份央企社会责任报告。然而,据报道,当年那份报告却在美国《财富》杂志“2006企业社会责任评估”排名中,以0分的成绩排位倒数第一。这不能不让中国的央企备受刺激。
企业社会责任报告,对大多数中国企业来说还是一个新东西,满打满算,还不足两周岁。虽然早在1908年,美国钢铁的总裁泊金斯就说过“企业越大,就应该负起更大的社会责任”,但综观全球企业社会责任体系,真正启动还是20世纪80年代以后的事。
上世纪80年代,企业社会责任运动在欧美发达国家逐渐兴起,1984年,印度旁遮普邦毒气事故催生了美国成立化工行业责任倡议书。
1986年,切尔诺贝利核泄漏事故,引致美国和欧洲联合创建了世界核能发电站协会。
进入90年代初期,针对成衣业和制鞋业,美国劳工及人权组织发动了一场“反血汗工厂运动”。之后便演变为“企业生产守则运动”,在劳工、人权组织等非政府组织(NGO)的推动下,生产守则运动又开始由跨国公司的“自我约束”逐步转变为“社会约束”。
到2000年,全球共诞生了246个生产守则,大部分是由商贸协会或国际组织机构所制定。
姜万军分析说,上世纪90年代以来,随着全球化对国际政治经济发展的影响,面对环境恶化、全球气候异常、恐怖活动、贸易争端、能源危机等等挑战,可持续发展理念正在成为各国一致认可的基本价值观。为此,联合国等国际组织以及国际消费者组织、环保组织、人权组织、工会组织和宗教组织等非政府组织,开始积极发起和推动现代社会责任运动,敦促企业更具有社会责任感。
“目前,新一轮企业社会责任运动浪潮正在国际上云起。”姜万军指出,其主要标志有五点:
一是来自联合国等多边国际组织的努力。如联合国的“全球协议”(UNGC),国际劳工组织的“人权原则及标准”(ILO Declaration),经合组织(OECD)的跨国公司行动指南(OECD Guidelines)等等。
二是众多非政府组织的指导原则和标准。它们共同的目的是要求企业规范并约束自身行为,更好地承担更多的社会责任。
三是各国政府也开始参与和引导相关活动。
四是越来越多的诸如共同基金的机构投资者,发起社会责任投资(SRI)基金,将其投资选择同企业的社会责任表现关联,要求接受投资的企业,不断增加透明度和公信力,更好地承担企业社会责任。目前,在美国这类机构投资者已经超过200家,而且还在加速增长。
五是越来越多的媒体,致力于监督企业,特别是知名企业的社会责任表现,揭露企业的丑闻或其他不当行为,像诸如《财富》和《福布斯》等权威商业媒体,在企业评比排名上,加上了“社会责任”标准。
为了适应上述来自国际组织和非政府机构、政府和社会公众的压力,越来越多的跨国公司,声明遵守UNGC、GRI、AA1000、SA8000等规范和标准;同时,也着手制定本企业的行为规范,用来规范自身和供应商行为,并且定期发布反映企业社会责任表现的年度报告。
而中国企业社会责任报告的生成并风行,在姜万军看来,主要源自于两方面的“压力”。
一是来自国外的压力。
加入WTO以来,中国已越来越深地融入于全球化的浪潮之中,作为世界工厂,中国已成为全球资本和产业链中的重要一环,国际上正在风行的社会责任运动也越来越直接地影响到中国企业。比如,越来越多的跨国公司不断对中国供应商施加压力,要求他们在工厂的劳动条件、工人权利、健康与安全及商业道德方面能够符合相关行为守则。
二是来自国内的压力。
在人们的温饱问题解决以后,食品安全、生活质量、环境保护等问题日益成为社会公众关注的焦点。各种主流媒体上,“重大矿难”、“饮用水污染”、“假冒伪劣”、“毒奶粉”、“苏丹红”、“工资拖欠”等等这些频频出现、触目惊心的字眼,使广大社会公众要求企业提高社会责任的呼声日益高涨。
从社会经济大背景看,目前我国人均GDP已经超过1000美元,这一时期多元的利益主体开始产生,人们追求利益的愿望也被激发和释放出来,于是不同利益主体、利益群体之间的利益矛盾开始大量聚集,“见利忘义”、“坑蒙拐骗”、“贫富悬殊”等一些社会失范现象开始浮出水面。
姜万军认为,正是在这样的背景下,中央提出了以人为本,全面协调可持续的科学发展观和构建和谐社会的战略思想和目标。而倡导和落实企业社会责任,正是平衡发展、构建和谐社会的重要举措。直接的表现就是,越来越多的企业开始发布企业社会责任报告。
社会责任报告风行的价值与意义
姜万军表示,中国企业社会责任报告的风行,是值得鼓励和喝彩的。尽管企业发布企业社会责任报告的动机复杂多样,报告的内容也各不相同,甚至许多企业的社会责任报告被认为内容空洞无物,缺乏具体的事例、数据,多是些宏观性的理念。但是,必须看到,企业社会责任运动刚刚起步,不尽如人意的地方在所难免,但做总比不做好。我们应该以宽容、鼓励的心态,支持那些“先行者”。
同时,应该逐步营造和形成一个鼓励企业承担更多社会责任、抑制企业不良行为的社会氛围。实践证明,单纯依靠市场的力量,借助消费者的抵制,员工用脚投票,甚至投资者的约束力,都很难保证企业保持“美德”。
事实上,在国外,非政府组织和媒体,在监督和促进企业社会责任方面作出了很大贡献。多数情况下,是非政府组织“盯上”一些“明星公司”,然后通过各种手段,包括媒体曝光,甚至组织示威等方法,逼迫“明星公司”“就范”。而这些被“盯上”的公司,从开始抵赖、反抗、妥协,到最后比较自觉自愿地改善企业社会责任状况,一般都有一个“成长”过程。
以耐克公司为例,最初就是被非政府组织曝光其血汗工厂问题,公司也曾辩解、抵赖,甚至还委托权威人士进行独立调查,表明自己是清白、无辜的。但是经过几年的挣扎,还是跟非政府机构妥协,最终通过强制督促供应商改善生产环境,得到了大众的认可,变成了比较自觉的有社会责任感的企业,企业也最终得到了良好的市场回报。
中国企业的社会责任问题,从1997年开始,越来越多的跨国公司不断对中国供应商施加压力,要求他们在工厂的劳动条件、工人权利、健康与安全及商业道德方面能够符合相关行为守则。先后有多家中国企业接受过跨国公司关于社会责任的审核。
不过,在中国由于非政府组织发展还很不成熟,政府的推动力就显得尤为重要,实际上,近年来企业社会责任报告的日益风行,跟政府提出科学发展、构建和谐社会的战略理念和目标的推动是密不可分的。
此前,全国人大常委会副委员长蒋正华在“2007中国企业公民论坛暨表彰大会”上明确表示,企业公民建设符合科学发展观,企业追求利润最大化符合经济规律,但是短期的获利并不是企业发展的一切。一个目标正确、潜力雄厚、人气凝聚、形象完美的企业,才能够在任何情况下保持持续发展。
企业在追求经济效益的同时兼顾社会责任,是企业公民应尽的本分。诚如中国企业公民委员会会长田润之所言,“企业社会责任是与生俱来的”。而IBM大中华区董事长周伟焜则表示,在一个日趋扁平的世界里面,企业跟外面更广大的生态系统之间的接触影响的层面更大,协作的意义更深远。所以IBM早就把企业公民责任作为其全球发展的战略之一。
中国企业社会责任同盟秘书长、北京大学光华管理学院何志毅教授曾指出,企业承担社会责任在西方发达国家,是建立在“经济发达”、“市场成熟”的基础之上,同时也是建立在企业家们的自觉“共识”之上。
虽然中国还没有到这个阶段,但中国企业承担社会责任也是势在必然。理由有三:
一是改革开放三十年,一方面取得了巨大的经济成就,另一方面引发了巨大的不平衡,消除这种不平衡企业也应担当重要角色。
二是中国传统的均贫富理念和执政党的建设“中国特色社会主义”理论使然。在何志毅看来,建设中国特色社会主义,或许可以理解为:非国有企业在追求利润的条件下承担社会责任,国有企业在承担社会责任的条件下追求利润。国有企业存在的价值是在有利润的条件下,承担某种社会责任,而不仅仅是全民资产保值增值的经济责任。
三是中国已经融入国际社会,中国不少产品在世界市场上已经占据了重要份额,比如,在美国进口商品中,86%的灯具、84%的玩具、80%的皮箱、56%的家庭厨房用品都是中国制造的。所以中国的企业不仅要对中国社会负责,还必须在全球社会中承担应有的责任。
在姜万军看来,企业风行社会责任报告,让公众和其他利益相关者,知晓了企业社会责任这一概念,知道了企业应该履行社会责任。企业公布社会责任状况,使企业社会责任状况逐步达到“透明”状态,阳光是最好的“杀毒剂”。通过规范化的企业社会责任披露制度,可以帮助公众、投资者、监管者等利益相关人,了解情况,更好地决策。同时这种“信息披露”,会使越来越多的普通大众和投资者、监管者,明白企业应该承担的责任,因而会逐渐形成一种氛围,进而产生无形的压力,迫使那些履行社会责任不好的企业改进。
另外,由于企业推出了社会责任报告,才使得专家、学者有机会了解到企业社会责任的状况,因而也才可以对他们“品头论足”,提出各种改进的意见和建议,促进企业完善企业社会责任报告,最终促进企业改善企业社会责任行为,提高企业社会责任水平。
当然,这需要学术界的学者、专家,深入了解企业的实际情况,做深入细致的研究,为企业提供有理论支持的基础的指导建议,不是简单地凭感觉和印象的“品头论足”。越来越多的企业推出企业社会责任报告,也有助于企业之间形成一种“同行压力”,从而使得企业社会责任状况整体得到改善和提升。
不过,总体来看,无论是国企、民企、跨国公司,绝大多数企业的企业社会责任状态都处于“初级阶段”——从抵制、对抗,逐步向“被迫”遵守纪律阶段过渡。目前真正把履行社会责任纳入企业战略管理体系,通过全员参与,自觉做“有社会责任感”的好公民还只是少数。
为什么要做企业社会责任报告
总体来看,无论是国企、民企、跨国公司,绝大多数企业的企业社会责任状态都处于“初级阶段”——从抵制、对抗,逐步向“被迫”遵守纪律阶段过渡。
企业社会责任的生成背景
2007年岁末,一份份洋洋万言的《社会责任报告》纷纷出炉。其中占据大头的是央企,但也不乏一些知名民营企业,如万科、阿里巴巴等。
“在这种集体行动的背后,多少有些迫于外部的压力。”北京大学光华管理学院姜万军副教授对《第一财经日报》记者说。
2006年3月,国家电网发布了中国首份央企社会责任报告。然而,据报道,当年那份报告却在美国《财富》杂志“2006企业社会责任评估”排名中,以0分的成绩排位倒数第一。这不能不让中国的央企备受刺激。
企业社会责任报告,对大多数中国企业来说还是一个新东西,满打满算,还不足两周岁。虽然早在1908年,美国钢铁的总裁泊金斯就说过“企业越大,就应该负起更大的社会责任”,但综观全球企业社会责任体系,真正启动还是20世纪80年代以后的事。
上世纪80年代,企业社会责任运动在欧美发达国家逐渐兴起,1984年,印度旁遮普邦毒气事故催生了美国成立化工行业责任倡议书。
1986年,切尔诺贝利核泄漏事故,引致美国和欧洲联合创建了世界核能发电站协会。
进入90年代初期,针对成衣业和制鞋业,美国劳工及人权组织发动了一场“反血汗工厂运动”。之后便演变为“企业生产守则运动”,在劳工、人权组织等非政府组织(NGO)的推动下,生产守则运动又开始由跨国公司的“自我约束”逐步转变为“社会约束”。
到2000年,全球共诞生了246个生产守则,大部分是由商贸协会或国际组织机构所制定。
姜万军分析说,上世纪90年代以来,随着全球化对国际政治经济发展的影响,面对环境恶化、全球气候异常、恐怖活动、贸易争端、能源危机等等挑战,可持续发展理念正在成为各国一致认可的基本价值观。为此,联合国等国际组织以及国际消费者组织、环保组织、人权组织、工会组织和宗教组织等非政府组织,开始积极发起和推动现代社会责任运动,敦促企业更具有社会责任感。
“目前,新一轮企业社会责任运动浪潮正在国际上云起。”姜万军指出,其主要标志有五点:
一是来自联合国等多边国际组织的努力。如联合国的“全球协议”(UNGC),国际劳工组织的“人权原则及标准”(ILO Declaration),经合组织(OECD)的跨国公司行动指南(OECD Guidelines)等等。
二是众多非政府组织的指导原则和标准。它们共同的目的是要求企业规范并约束自身行为,更好地承担更多的社会责任。
三是各国政府也开始参与和引导相关活动。
四是越来越多的诸如共同基金的机构投资者,发起社会责任投资(SRI)基金,将其投资选择同企业的社会责任表现关联,要求接受投资的企业,不断增加透明度和公信力,更好地承担企业社会责任。目前,在美国这类机构投资者已经超过200家,而且还在加速增长。
五是越来越多的媒体,致力于监督企业,特别是知名企业的社会责任表现,揭露企业的丑闻或其他不当行为,像诸如《财富》和《福布斯》等权威商业媒体,在企业评比排名上,加上了“社会责任”标准。
为了适应上述来自国际组织和非政府机构、政府和社会公众的压力,越来越多的跨国公司,声明遵守UNGC、GRI、AA1000、SA8000等规范和标准;同时,也着手制定本企业的行为规范,用来规范自身和供应商行为,并且定期发布反映企业社会责任表现的年度报告。
而中国企业社会责任报告的生成并风行,在姜万军看来,主要源自于两方面的“压力”。
一是来自国外的压力。
加入WTO以来,中国已越来越深地融入于全球化的浪潮之中,作为世界工厂,中国已成为全球资本和产业链中的重要一环,国际上正在风行的社会责任运动也越来越直接地影响到中国企业。比如,越来越多的跨国公司不断对中国供应商施加压力,要求他们在工厂的劳动条件、工人权利、健康与安全及商业道德方面能够符合相关行为守则。
二是来自国内的压力。
在人们的温饱问题解决以后,食品安全、生活质量、环境保护等问题日益成为社会公众关注的焦点。各种主流媒体上,“重大矿难”、“饮用水污染”、“假冒伪劣”、“毒奶粉”、“苏丹红”、“工资拖欠”等等这些频频出现、触目惊心的字眼,使广大社会公众要求企业提高社会责任的呼声日益高涨。
从社会经济大背景看,目前我国人均GDP已经超过1000美元,这一时期多元的利益主体开始产生,人们追求利益的愿望也被激发和释放出来,于是不同利益主体、利益群体之间的利益矛盾开始大量聚集,“见利忘义”、“坑蒙拐骗”、“贫富悬殊”等一些社会失范现象开始浮出水面。
姜万军认为,正是在这样的背景下,中央提出了以人为本,全面协调可持续的科学发展观和构建和谐社会的战略思想和目标。而倡导和落实企业社会责任,正是平衡发展、构建和谐社会的重要举措。直接的表现就是,越来越多的企业开始发布企业社会责任报告。
社会责任报告风行的价值与意义
企业社会责任报告代写姜万军表示,中国企业社会责任报告的风行,是值得鼓励和喝彩的。尽管企业发布企业社会责任报告的动机复杂多样,报告的内容也各不相同,甚至许多企业的社会责任报告被认为内容空洞无物,缺乏具体的事例、数据,多是些宏观性的理念。但是,必须看到,企业社会责任运动刚刚起步,不尽如人意的地方在所难免,但做总比不做好。我们应该以宽容、鼓励的心态,支持那些“先行者”。
同时,应该逐步营造和形成一个鼓励企业承担更多社会责任、抑制企业不良行为的社会氛围。实践证明,单纯依靠市场的力量,借助消费者的抵制,员工用脚投票,甚至投资者的约束力,都很难保证企业保持“美德”。
事实上,在国外,非政府组织和媒体,在监督和促进企业社会责任方面作出了很大贡献。多数情况下,是非政府组织“盯上”一些“明星公司”,然后通过各种手段,包括媒体曝光,甚至组织示威等方法,逼迫“明星公司”“就范”。而这些被“盯上”的公司,从开始抵赖、反抗、妥协,到最后比较自觉自愿地改善企业社会责任状况,一般都有一个“成长”过程。
以耐克公司为例,最初就是被非政府组织曝光其血汗工厂问题,公司也曾辩解、抵赖,甚至还委托权威人士进行独立调查,表明自己是清白、无辜的。但是经过几年的挣扎,还是跟非政府机构妥协,最终通过强制督促供应商改善生产环境,得到了大众的认可,变成了比较自觉的有社会责任感的企业,企业也最终得到了良好的市场回报。
中国企业的社会责任问题,从1997年开始,越来越多的跨国公司不断对中国供应商施加压力,要求他们在工厂的劳动条件、工人权利、健康与安全及商业道德方面能够符合相关行为守则。先后有多家中国企业接受过跨国公司关于社会责任的审核。
不过,在中国由于非政府组织发展还很不成熟,政府的推动力就显得尤为重要,实际上,近年来企业社会责任报告的日益风行,跟政府提出科学发展、构建和谐社会的战略理念和目标的推动是密不可分的。
此前,全国人大常委会副委员长蒋正华在“2007中国企业公民论坛暨表彰大会”上明确表示,企业公民建设符合科学发展观,企业追求利润最大化符合经济规律,但是短期的获利并不是企业发展的一切。一个目标正确、潜力雄厚、人气凝聚、形象完美的企业,才能够在任何情况下保持持续发展。
企业在追求经济效益的同时兼顾社会责任,是企业公民应尽的本分。诚如中国企业公民委员会会长田润之所言,“企业社会责任是与生俱来的”。而IBM大中华区董事长周伟焜则表示,在一个日趋扁平的世界里面,企业跟外面更广大的生态系统之间的接触影响的层面更大,协作的意义更深远。所以IBM早就把企业公民责任作为其全球发展的战略之一。
中国企业社会责任同盟秘书长、北京大学光华管理学院何志毅教授曾指出,企业承担社会责任在西方发达国家,是建立在“经济发达”、“市场成熟”的基础之上,同时也是建立在企业家们的自觉“共识”之上。
虽然中国还没有到这个阶段,但中国企业承担社会责任也是势在必然。理由有三:
一是改革开放三十年,一方面取得了巨大的经济成就,另一方面引发了巨大的不平衡,消除这种不平衡企业也应担当重要角色。
二是中国传统的均贫富理念和执政党的建设“中国特色社会主义”理论使然。在何志毅看来,建设中国特色社会主义,或许可以理解为:非国有企业在追求利润的条件下承担社会责任,国有企业在承担社会责任的条件下追求利润。国有企业存在的价值是在有利润的条件下,承担某种社会责任,而不仅仅是全民资产保值增值的经济责任。
三是中国已经融入国际社会,中国不少产品在世界市场上已经占据了重要份额,比如,在美国进口商品中,86%的灯具、84%的玩具、80%的皮箱、56%的家庭厨房用品都是中国制造的。所以中国的企业不仅要对中国社会负责,还必须在全球社会中承担应有的责任。
在姜万军看来,企业风行社会责任报告,让公众和其他利益相关者,知晓了企业社会责任这一概念,知道了企业应该履行社会责任。企业公布社会责任状况,使企业社会责任状况逐步达到“透明”状态,阳光是最好的“杀毒剂”。通过规范化的企业社会责任披露制度,可以帮助公众、投资者、监管者等利益相关人,了解情况,更好地决策。同时这种“信息披露”,会使越来越多的普通大众和投资者、监管者,明白企业应该承担的责任,因而会逐渐形成一种氛围,进而产生无形的压力,迫使那些履行社会责任不好的企业改进。
另外,由于企业推出了社会责任报告,才使得专家、学者有机会了解到企业社会责任的状况,因而也才可以对他们“品头论足”,提出各种改进的意见和建议,促进企业完善企业社会责任报告,最终促进企业改善企业社会责任行为,提高企业社会责任水平。
当然,这需要学术界的学者、专家,深入了解企业的实际情况,做深入细致的研究,为企业提供有理论支持的基础的指导建议,不是简单地凭感觉和印象的“品头论足”。越来越多的企业推出企业社会责任报告,也有助于企业之间形成一种“同行压力”,从而使得企业社会责任状况整体得到改善和提升。
不过,总体来看,无论是国企、民企、跨国公司,绝大多数企业的企业社会责任状态都处于“初级阶段”——从抵制、对抗,逐步向“被迫”遵守纪律阶段过渡。目前真正把履行社会责任纳入企业战略管理体系,通过全员参与,自觉做“有企业研究报告代写社会责任感”的好公民还只是少数。
Why do corporate social responsibility report
Overall, whether they are state-owned enterprises, private enterprises, multinational companies, the vast majority of enterprise social responsibility status is " primary level" -- from the boycott, confrontation, and gradually to the" forced" to comply with the discipline of phase transition.
Corporate social responsibility of the generation background
At the end of 2007, a lengthy million words of the" social responsibility report" released one after another. Which occupy head is the central enterprises, but there are also some well-known private enterprises, such as Vanke, such as alibaba.
" The collective action behind, somewhat under external pressure." Peking University Guanghua School of Management associate professor Jiang Wanjun on the" First Financial Daily" reporters.
2006 March, National Grid announced the first Chinese enterprises social responsibility report. However, according to the report, the report in the American magazine" fortune" 2006 " enterprise society responsibility appraisal" rankings, with a score of 0 ranked first last. This can not let the Chinese state-owned enterprises under stimulation.
Corporate social responsibility report, for the majority of Chinese enterprises is still a new thing, be fully prepared to, less than two years old. Although early in 1908, the United States Steel president Perkins said" the larger the enterprise, it should take more social responsibilities", but in view of the global system of corporate social responsibility, the real starting or nineteen eighties later.
Go up century 80 time, motion of enterprise society responsibility is in Euramerican developed country gradually arisen, 1984, India, Punjab gas accident led the United States established the chemical industry liability proposal.
In 1986, the Chernobyl nuclear disaster, resulting in the United States and the European Union have created the world nuclear power station association.
In the early 90's, the clothing industry and footwear industry, American labor and human rights organizations launched a" anti-sweatshop movement". Then evolved into a " corporate codes of conduct, in the labor movement", human rights organizations and other non-governmental organizations ( NGO ) drive below, the production code movement started by multinational companies " self-restraint " gradually transformed into" social constraint".
By 2000, the global total born 246 production codes, is composed mostly of trade association or the international organization for.
Jiang Wanjun said, the last century since the 90's, along with the globalization of international political and economic development, in the face of the deterioration of the environment, global climate change, terrorist activities, trade disputes, energy crisis and challenges, the concept of sustainable development is becoming a recognized basic values. Therefore, international organizations such as the United Nations and the international organization of consumers, environmental groups, human rights organizations, trade union organizations and religious organizations and other non-governmental organizations, began to actively initiate and promote modern social responsibility movement, urges the enterprise with a sense of social responsibility.
" At present, a new round of enterprise society responsibility movement is the international cloud." Jiang Wanjun points out, the main mark of five points:
One is from the UN and other multilateral international organizations to. Such as the United Nations "global agreement" ( UNGC ), the International Labour Organization "human rights principles and standards" ( ILO Declaration ), OECD ( OECD ) multinational company action guide ( OECD Guidelines ) etc..
Two is one of the many NGOs guidelines and standards. Their common objective is the requirement of enterprise norms and their own behavior constraints, better to assume more social responsibility.
Three governments have begun to participate in and guide related activities.
Four is more and more such as mutual fund investors, initiating the Social Responsibility Investment Fund ( SRI ), their investment in corporate social responsibility performance association, asked to accept investment enterprises, increasing transparency and accountability, better corporate social responsibility. At present, this kind of institutional investors in the United States of America has more than 200, but also accelerated growth.
Five is more and more media, committed to the supervision of enterprises, especially the well-known corporate social responsibility, corporate scandals expose or other improper behaviors, such as" wealth" and" Forbes" and other authoritative business media, enterprises in the rankings, plus a" social responsibility" the standard.
In order to adapt to the international organizations and non-governmental organizations, government and social public pressure, more and more MNCs, statement of compliance with UNGC, GRI, AA1000, SA8000 norms and standards; at the same time, also begin to make the enterprise behavior, to regulate their own behavior and suppliers, and regularly publish reflect the corporate social responsibility annual report.
China corporate social responsibility report generation and popular, in Jiang Wanjun's view, mainly from the two aspects of" pressure".
One is the pressure from abroad.
Since joining the WTO, China has more and more deeply into the tide of globalization, as the factory of the world, China has become a global capital and industrial chain important one annulus, internationally are popular social responsibility movement is also more and more direct influence to Chinese enterprise. For example, a growing number of transnational companies continued to exert pressure on China suppliers, asking them to the working conditions in factories, workers' rights, health and safety and business ethics to comply with the relevant code of conduct.
Two are from the domestic pressure.
In people's food and clothing after the settlement of the problem, food safety, quality of life, environmental protection and other issues have become the focus of attention of the public. All kinds of the mainstream media," major disaster"," water pollution"," fake"," poison milk powder"," Sudan red"," wage arrears" etc. these appear again and again, shocking word, so that the majority of the public require the enterprises to increase social responsibility is growing.
From the social economic background, China's per capita GDP has exceeded 1000 US dollars, this period the multi-dimensional benefit main body starts to produce, people pursuit interest desire is excited and released, so the different stakeholders, interests contradiction between interest groups began to gather," forget honour at the prospect of profits"," bluff and deceive"," the rich and the poor gap" and some other social anomie phenomena begin to rise to surface.
Jiang Wanjun thinks, it is in this context, the central put forward the people-oriented, overall coordination and sustainable development of scientific outlook on development and building a harmonious society strategic thinking and objectives. And to advocate and implement corporate social responsibility, it is balanced development, an important measure for building harmonious society. Direct performance is, more and more enterprises began issuing corporate social responsibility report.
Social responsibility report popular value and significance
Jiang Wanjun expresses, Chinese corporate social responsibility report of popular, is to be encouraged and applauded. Although enterprises corporate social responsibility report released motivation is complicated, the contents of the report also each are not identical, even many corporate social responsibility report is considered content utter lack of substance, the lack of specific examples, data, some are macroscopic concept. But, we must see, the movement of corporate social responsibility has just started, not just as one wishes place can hardly be avoided, but than never. We should be tolerant, encouraging attitude, in support of the" pioneer".
At the same time, it should gradually build and form an encouraging enterprises to shoulder more social responsibility, inhibition of corporate misconduct social atmosphere. Practice has proved, the force of pure support market, with the aid of a consumer boycott, the staff to vote with their feet, and even investors binding, are very difficult to ensure the enterprises to keep the" virtue".
In fact, in foreign countries, NGOs and the media, under the supervision and to promote corporate social responsibility made great contribution. In most cases, non governmental organization" at" some" star company", then by all means, including media exposure, even organized demonstrations and other methods, forcing" star company"."". And these are" locked" company, from the beginning of denial, resist, to be willing to compromise, finally improve corporate social responsibility status, generally have a" growth" process.
Taking Nike Company for example, originally is the non-governmental organization exposure the sweatshop issues, the company had to deny the allegations, commissioned authority, even an independent investigation, showed that he was innocent, innocent. But after several years of struggle, or with non-governmental organisations to compromise, ultimately forced through the push suppliers to improve the production environment, and won public recognition, become more self-conscious sense of social responsibility, the enterprise also managed to get a good return on the market.
China corporate social responsibility, from the beginning of 1997, a growing number of transnational companies continued to exert pressure on China suppliers, asking them to the working conditions in factories, workers' rights, health and safety and business ethics to comply with the relevant code of conduct. There have been many Chinese enterprises received a transnational corporation about social responsibility audit.
However, in China the development of non government organizations are still not mature, the government forces appear particularly important, in fact, in recent years, corporate social responsibility has become increasingly popular, with the government put forward the scientific development, a harmonious society strategic concept and target drive are inseparable.
Previously, vice chairman of the NPC Standing Committee Jiang Zhenghua in "2007 China enterprise citizen forum and commend congress" clear, enterprise citizen construction accords with scientific outlook on development, enterprise pursuit gain is the biggest change accord with economic rule, but the short-term profit is not the enterprise development. A correct goal, strong potential, popularity, a perfect image of enterprise cohesion, can in any case to maintain sustainable development.
Enterprises in the pursuit of economic benefits at the same time take into account social responsibility, is the enterprise citizen duty. As the Chinese enterprise citizen committee chairman Tian Runzhi said," corporate social responsibility is the innate". IBM Greater China Chairman Zhou Weikun said, in an increasingly flat world, enterprises with outside more vast ecosystems of contact between the influence of greater cooperation, more far-reaching significance. So IBM would have responsibility for corporate citizenship as part of its global development strategy.
China corporate social responsibility alliance secretary-general of Peking University, Guanghua School of Management professor He Zhiyi has pointed out, the corporate social responsibility in the western developed countries, is to build be in " economic development"," market " over the foundation, is also built in entrepreneur people consciously" consensus".
Although China has not at this stage, but Chinese enterprises social responsibility is inevitable. There are three reasons:
One is the thirty years of reform and opening up, hand made great economic achievements, on the other hand triggered a huge imbalance, eliminating the imbalance enterprises should also play an important role.
Two is the Chinese tradition all the rich and the poor and the concept of the ruling party's construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics " theory.". In He Zhiyi's view, the construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics, may be understood as : the non-state-owned enterprises in the pursuit of profit under the condition of social responsibility, the social responsibility of state-owned enterprises under the condition of the pursuit of profit. Existence of state-owned enterprises is of value in profitable conditions, assume a social responsibility, rather than just the assets of economic responsibility.
Three is the Chinese have been integrated into the international community, many Chinese products in the world market have to occupy a major share, for example, in the United States imports, 86% lamps, 84% toy, 80% bin, 56% family kitchen supplies are manufactured in china. Therefore, Chinese enterprises should not only on China's social responsibility, also must be in the global community to assume responsibility.
In Jiang Wanjun's view, enterprise popular social responsibility report, let the public and other stakeholders, awareness of corporate social responsibility this one concept, that enterprise should fulfill their social responsibilities. Enterprise social responsibility status released, so that corporate social responsibility status progressively to "transparent" state, the" sunshine is the best disinfectant". Through the standardization of corporate social responsibility disclosure system, can help the public, investors, regulators and other stakeholders, to understand the situation, better decision making. At the same time this" information disclosure", will cause more and more ordinary people and investors, regulators, that enterprises should bear the responsibility, and gradually formed a kind of atmosphere, thereby generating the invisible pressure, forcing those who fulfill their social responsibilities is not good business improvement.
In addition, the company launched a social responsibility report, the experts, scholars have the opportunity to understand the social responsibility of the enterprise status, and thus can they" cut", put forward a variety of opinions and suggestions for improvement, promote the enterprises to improve corporate social responsibility report, ultimately to promote the enterprises to improve corporate social responsibility behavior, enhance corporate social responsibility level.
Of course, this needs academic scholars, experts, in-depth understanding of the actual situation of the enterprise, do in-depth and meticulous research, providing a theoretical support for the basic guidelines, not simply by their /feelings and impressions" overcritical". More and more enterprises introduced the enterprise social responsibility report, also help enterprises to form a" peer pressure", which makes the corporate social responsibility status overall improve and upgrade.
However, overall, whether they are state-owned enterprises, private enterprises, multinational companies, the vast majority of enterprise social responsibility status is " primary level" -- from the boycott, confrontation, and gradually to the" forced" to comply with the discipline of phase transition. The real to fulfill social responsibility into the strategy of enterprise management system, through the full participation, perceived as" social responsibility" is only a few good citizens