留学作业代写范文-供应链管理和库存控制系统。本文是一篇留学生作业写作范文，主要内容是讲述以前的组织存在库存控制系统不准确的问题。本留学作业旨在研究RFID技术以解决库存控制问题。对与RFID在库存控制中的重要性相关的文献进行了综述，强调了RFID技术的基本原理，并强调了库存控制管理的改进。下面就一起参考这篇留学作业写作范文的全部内容。
Abstract: Previously organizations had problems with inaccurate inventory control system. This research aims to investigate RFID techniques to solve inventory control problems. The Securitization of literature review related to importance of RFID in inventory control, highlights basic principle of RFID technology and emphasis on improvement of inventory control management.
Introduction 引言
RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) is “the next emerging technology”. RFID is used to locate misplace entity through tags and readers, tags that transmit the information using radio waves and reader used to collect the information. Tagged inventory becomes mobile and communicating entity to the whole organization, that entity is processed to send information to system server through radio waves, here the objective of the system is to identify, monitor, authenticate and alert by using information sharing form tagged item to server (basically called Just in Time System).
RFID（射频识别）是“下一代新兴技术”。RFID用于通过标签和读取器定位错位实体，标签使用无线电波传输信息，读取器用于收集信息。标记库存成为整个组织的移动和通信实体，该实体被处理以通过无线电波将信息发送到系统服务器，在这里，系统的目标是通过使用从标记项到服务器的信息共享来识别、监控、认证和警报（基本上称为即时系统）。
Previously, organization used to spend in barcode systems, in which tagged items have to come in direct physical contact with the reader. RFID brings up new advantages in SCM that were missing in barcode systems. RFID is the recent development in automatic identification and data capture (AIDC) that enables organizations to remotely access the information of the tagged entity.
以前，组织习惯于使用条形码系统，其中标记的物品必须与阅读器直接物理接触。RFID在SCM中带来了条码系统中缺失的新优势。RFID是自动识别和数据捕获（AIDC）的最新发展，使组织能够远程访问标记实体的信息。
Inventory Control 库存控制
It is almost impossible to find an organization that does not use, transform, distribute or sell materials in one form or another. Inventory control is relevant to all organizations from any sector of the economy. Inventory control dates back to the dawn of time where the earliest humans used to stockpile food and stone tools. Presently inventory control is an essential part of organizations that is correlated to corporate success and failure. Inventory is defined as material held by an organization awaiting sale, use or transformation. Organizations hold inventory for a range of reasons including a lack of predictability or fluctuations in demand, unreliability in supply, to receive quantity discounts, to lower ordering costs, and to be subject to price protection through buying products at the right time. Purchasing holding and possessing inventory subject an organization to operational costs. According to Muller the cost of holding inventory refers to financial, space, labor, deterioration, damage and theft aspects. Inventory control techniques can be employed by organizations in order to minimize the burden of ongoing expenses. Inventory control can be defined as “the activity that organizes the availability of items to the customers by, coordinating the purchasing and manufacturing and distribution functions to meet marketing needs”.
几乎不可能找到一个不以某种形式使用、转换、分发或销售材料的组织。库存控制与任何经济部门的所有组织都相关。库存控制可以追溯到人类最早储存食物和石器的时代。目前，库存控制是关系到企业成败的重要组成部分。库存定义为组织持有的等待出售、使用或转换的材料。各组织持有库存有一系列原因，包括缺乏可预测性或需求波动、供应不可靠、获得数量折扣、降低订购成本，以及通过在合适的时间购买产品受到价格保护。购买、持有和拥有库存使组织承受运营成本。根据穆勒的说法，持有存货的成本涉及财务、空间、劳动力、变质、损坏和盗窃等方面。各组织可以采用库存控制技术，以尽量减少持续费用的负担。库存控制可以定义为“通过协调采购、制造和分销职能，以满足市场需求，组织向客户提供物品的活动”。
The aim of inventory control is to maximize customer service, profit and efficiency of purchasing and production, whilst at the same time minimizing inventory investment. Not all organizations have the same inventory requirements. Organization that are classified as being retails, wholesale/ distribution and manufacturing have differing needs and inventory issues.
库存控制的目标是最大化客户服务、利润和采购和生产效率，同时最小化库存投资。并非所有组织都有相同的库存要求。分类为零售、批发/分销和制造的组织有不同的需求和库存问题。
RFID Technology 无线射频识别技术
RFID Basic RFID基础
Radio frequency identification technology which uses radio frequency waves, with the help of wave’s data is transferred from reader to movable item. The purpose of RFID is to tracking, identifying, categorizing and monitoring the products. This system includes tags, readers, antennas and software. Tags are placed on products, Communication is done through antennas, and readers can read and write and carry the data to the software. Software manages the RFID system.
射频识别技术使用射频波，借助于波的数据从读取器传输到可移动物品。RFID的目的是跟踪、识别、分类和监控产品。该系统包括标签、阅读器、天线和软件。标签放置在产品上，通过天线进行通信，阅读器可以读写数据并将数据传送到软件。软件管理RFID系统。
There are three main features of RFID applications. RFID应用有三个主要特征
Identification of the product 产品标识
Identification of the product location 产品位置标识
Provides the information of product on just-in-time 及时提供产品信息
Advantages of RFID RFID的优势
The characteristics of RFID technology described previously differentiate them from other automatic identification technologies. One of the main physical advantages of RFID technology is that tags, unlike barcodes do not require line of sight to be read and multiple tags can be read simultaneously.
前面描述的RFID技术的特征将其与其他自动识别技术区分开来。RFID技术的一个主要物理优势是，与条形码不同，标签不需要读取视线，可以同时读取多个标签。
RFID systems are unaffected by dust, moisture, oils, coolants, cuttings, gases. In addition to this RFID tags can operate in extreme temperatures and last for longer periods, in some cases longer than the items they are attached to. RFID tags and systems are also characterized by having a greater data density and data quantity than traditional automatic identification technologies in the form of barcodes. This allows RFID tags to carry unique serial numbers more easily than a barcode, which would require a long symbol or a two-dimensional variant, which is difficult to scan and fit into available space. A final major advantage of RFID systems is that they capture data in real time. Capturing data in real time allows organizations to improve data quality, as the information captured is more timely and accurate.
RFID系统不受灰尘、水分、油、冷却剂、岩屑和气体的影响。除此之外，RFID标签可以在极端温度下工作，并且持续时间更长，在某些情况下比它们所连接的物品更长。RFID标签和系统的特点还在于具有比条形码形式的传统自动识别技术更高的数据密度和数据量。这使得RFID标签比条形码更容易携带唯一的序列号，条形码需要一个长符号或二维变体，很难扫描和放入可用空间。RFID系统的最后一个主要优点是它们实时捕获数据。实时捕获数据使组织能够提高数据质量，因为捕获的信息更加及时和准确。
Challenges of RFID RFID的挑战
Studies and literature reveal that due to RFID’s novelty in commercial and manufacturing applications, a number of challenges have created concerns about the feasibility of its implementation. The majority of problems that have been encountered when implementing RFID relate to technical and hardware issues. Issues have been raised such as the reliability of RFID tag reads. It has been discovered that when a tag is oriented perpendicular to a reader it is difficult to read it. Radio waves can be hidden, distorted or reflected by metal and the noise from electric motors and that fluorescent lights can also interfere with RFID communications.
研究和文献表明，由于RFID在商业和制造应用中的新颖性，许多挑战引起了对其实施可行性的担忧。在实施RFID时遇到的大多数问题涉及技术和硬件问题。已经提出了诸如RFID标签读取的可靠性等问题。已经发现，当标签垂直于读取器定向时，很难读取它。无线电波可能被金属和电动机的噪音隐藏、扭曲或反射，荧光灯也可能干扰RFID通信。
One of the simulations revealed that items with overlapping RFID tags wrapped around them could not be detected by the reader when they passed through the entry/exit. It was also found that concealing items had an effect on whether they would read or not with a single concealed product being identified, as compared to the three tagged items which were identified when passing through the entry/exit in plain sight. Moreover, RFID experienced poor to average read rates when implemented for loss prevention. It is perceived that if RFID was applied in the small-to-medium retailer for loss prevention purposes, theft may be reduced but the reliability of the technology could not be guaranteed, unless orientation issues were resolved and the read rates improved.
其中一项模拟显示，当物品通过入口/出口时，阅读器无法检测到包裹有重叠RFID标签的物品。此外，还发现，与通过入口/出口时在可见范围内识别的三个带标签的物品相比，隐藏物品对识别单个隐藏产品时是否阅读有影响。此外，当实施RFID以防止丢失时，RFID的平均读取速率较差。人们认为，如果将RFID应用于中小型零售商以防止损失，则盗窃可能会减少，但无法保证技术的可靠性，除非解决定向问题并提高读取速率。
The final challenge of RFID relates to privacy concerns. As RFID is used to track items, privacy activists are concerned about the use of technology on retails items such as clothes which could allow retailers to send and receive information after items have been purchased.
RFID的最后一个挑战涉及隐私问题。由于RFID被用于跟踪物品，隐私活动家担心在零售物品（如衣服）上使用技术，这可能允许零售商在购买物品后发送和接收信息。
Literature Review on RFID Technology RFID技术综述
In literature review we are following secondary data such as some published researched paper from various conferences and journals.
“RFID-enabled inventory control optimization: a proof of concept in a small-to-medium retailer.” this conference paper was originally published as Dane H., Michael K. and Wamba S. F., in 43 Hawaii International Conferences on System Sciences (HICSS), Organizational Systems and Technology, Implementation and Usage of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), 2010. From this research paper we will review the impact of RFID technology on the inventory control on an organization by using proof of concept (PoC) approach and lost prevention mechanism.
在文献综述中，我们跟踪了二手数据，例如来自各种会议和期刊的一些已发表的研究论文。
“RFID支持的库存控制优化：中小型零售商的概念验证”。该会议论文最初由Dane H.，Michael K.和Wamba S.F.在2010年举行的43届夏威夷国际系统科学会议（HICSS），组织系统和技术，射频识别（RFID）的实施和使用上发表。从这篇研究论文中，我们将通过使用概念验证（PoC）方法和丢失预防机制，回顾RFID技术对组织库存控制的影响。
“RFID Technology: A Review of its Applications” this paper is published by Arun N. Nambiar, and published in the journal the World Congress on Engineering and Computer Science, 2009. From this research paper we will review about RFID, framework, organizational challenges and their applications. This paper will help us in improving RFID technology in inventory system.
“RFID技术：应用综述”这篇论文由Arun N.Nambiar发表，并发表在2009年世界工程和计算机科学大会期刊上。从这篇研究论文中，我们将回顾RFID、框架、组织挑战及其应用。本文将有助于改进RFID技术在库存系统中的应用。
“Improving Inventory Control in a small-to-medium Retailer Using RFID,” was published by Hamilton D., in International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies, 2007. From this research we will know what the issues with inventory control system are.
“B-to-B e-Commerce: Assessing the Impacts of RFID Technology in a Five Layer Supply Chain,” was researched by Ygal Bendavid, Elisabeth Lefebvre, Louis A. Lefebvre, Samuel Fosso Wamba, and published in 40th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 2007. From this research paper we will be finding outs some performance improvements of RFID in supply chain management.
“Understanding the Impact of Emerging Technologies on Process Optimization: The Case of RFID Technology;” is researched by Fosso Wamba S. and Bendavid Y., in 13th Asian-Pacific Decision Sciences Conference, 2008. From this research paper we will review the attempts to improve the understanding of the impact of RFID technology on inventory control system.
“使用RFID改进中小型零售商的库存控制”，由Hamilton D.在2007年通信和信息技术国际研讨会上发表。通过这项研究，我们将了解库存控制系统的问题。
“B-to-B电子商务：评估RFID技术在五层供应链中的影响”，由Ygal Bendavid、Elisabeth Lefebvre、Louis a.Lefebvvre、Samuel Fosso Wamba研究，并发表在2007年第40届夏威夷国际系统科学会议上。从这篇研究论文中，我们将发现RFID在供应链管理中的一些性能改进。
“了解新兴技术对流程优化的影响：以RFID技术为例”Fosso Wamba S.和Bendavid Y.在2008年第13届亚太决策科学会议上进行了研究。从这篇研究论文中，我们将回顾提高对RFID技术对库存控制系统影响的理解的尝试。
“New Understanding of RFID Adoption and Infusion in Retail Supply Chain” researched by Xiaoran Wu and Chandrasekar Subramaniam. It is Hawaii International Conference paper and was presented in 2009. It Uses the Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework to develop a theoretical model for RFID adoption and infusion.
“零售供应链中RFID采用和注入的新理解”，由吴晓然和钱德拉塞卡·苏布拉曼尼亚姆研究。这是夏威夷国际会议论文，于2009年发表。它使用技术组织环境（TOE）框架开发RFID采用和注入的理论模型。
Research Methodology 研究方法
The research study documented in this paper involves examining of inventory enabled with RFID, its impact and investigation of contemporary events gathered from inventory enabled SCM, Small-to-Medium Retailer, Distribution Chain and Consumer goods supply chain. Using deductive method to address RFID impact and scrutinize identified techniques used for RFID (Proof of Concept, Traceability in Process, Business Integration Model and Quantitative Model). Draw conclusion based on techniques studied and improve technique to address problems in above mentioned techniques.
本文中记录的研究研究涉及检查RFID启用的库存及其影响，并调查从库存启用的供应链管理、中小型零售商、分销链和消费品供应链收集的当代事件。使用演绎方法解决RFID影响，并仔细检查RFID所使用的识别技术（概念证明、过程中的可追溯性、业务集成模型和定量模型）。根据所研究的技术得出结论，并改进技术以解决上述技术中的问题。
Research Design 研究设计
As the main objective of the overall study is to determine the technique of RFID in inventory system, the research design corresponds to an exploratory research initiative. A research was conducted in four distinctive phases, over a period of three months.
由于总体研究的主要目标是确定库存系统中的RFID技术，因此研究设计与探索性研究计划相对应。这项研究分为四个不同的阶段，历时三个月。
Phase 1: Make concepts by reviewing past researches:第1阶段：通过回顾过去的研究来制定概念：
“RFID-enabled Inventory Control Optimization: A Proof of Concept in a Small-to-Medium Retailer”( Hamilton Dane, Katina Michael, Samuel Fosso Wamba) “支持RFID的库存控制优化：中小型零售商的概念证明”
“Using RFID to improve traceability in process industry Experiments in a distribution chain for iron ore pellets”( Bjorn Kvarnstrom, Erik Vanhatalo) “使用RFID提高铁矿球团分销链中流程工业实验的可追溯性”
“Business Integration Model with Due-date Re-negotiations”(Mokmin Park, Dongmyung Lee, Kitae Shin) “具有到期日重新谈判的业务整合模式”
research project. 这是一个研究项目
Using RFID to Improve Traceability 使用RFID提高可追溯性
This technique focuses on tracking the iron ore pallets using RFID, by conducting experiments it was found that RFID tracking fails when place in Heat exposure and when track the product in distributed system. When RFID is placed in container the safety from damage is achieved, container was made from 75 percent dolomite and 25 percent polyester. When special container is used, the highest signal strength is achieved [7]. But how much signal strength is achieved, it is question that is left open. Considering proof of concept approach in loss prevention simulation, when RFID enabled product was canceled, system did not detect the product. In this case to achieve the highest signal strength penetrable carrier (Ultra violet) can be used.
留学作业范文提出该技术侧重于使用RFID跟踪铁矿石托盘，通过实验发现，当放置在热暴露环境中以及在分布式系统中跟踪产品时，RFID跟踪失败。当RFID被放置在容器中时，安全性得到了保证，容器由75%的白云石和25%的聚酯制成。当使用特殊容器时，达到最高信号强度。但达到了多少信号强度，这是一个悬而未决的问题。留学生作业还考虑到防损模拟中的概念验证方法，当启用RFID的产品被取消时，系统未检测到该产品。在这种情况下，为了达到最高信号强度，可以使用可穿透载体（紫外线）。本站提供留学作业代写或指导服务，如有需要可咨询本平台。