留学生MBA论文代写范例-供应链运营商选择中的决策过程，本文是一篇留学生MBA论文写作范文，主要内容是讲述由于运输服务市场竞争的加剧，现代货运公司应该准确地选择承运人。显然，如果没有精确的选择标准范围，就无法选择最有效的供应商。因此，在接下来的留学生MBA论文研究中，确定了供应商选择问题的最重要标准。供应商效率评估的大多数因素都来自类似领域的分析论文，而国际道路运输专家提出了另一部分标准。然后，选择的标准用于供应商评估方法的开发过程，该方法在MS Excel中实现，并基于专家评估方法。换言之，研究结果是一种工具，有助于专门从事道路运输领域且没有自己车队的货运公司选择承运人的决策过程。下面就一起来参考这篇留学生MBA论文代写范例。
Abstract 摘要
Due to increase of competition on the transportation service market, modern forwarding companies should be accurate in the question of a carrier choice. It remains evident that the most efficient supplier can not be chosen without precise range of selecting criteria. Thus, in the following study the most significant criteria for supplier selection question are determined. The majority of factors for supplier efficiency evaluation are adapted from analyzed papers in the similar field, while the specialists of international road transportations suggest another part of criteria. Afterwards, the chosen criteria are used in the process of supplier evaluation methodology development which is implemented in MS Excel and based on an expert assessment method. In other words, the result of the study is the tool which facilitates decision-making process of carrier selection for forwarding companies which specialize in the field of road transportation and do not have their own fleet.
Keywords: Supplier evaluation; Supplier selection; Decision-making process; Expert assessment method; Selecting criteria; Freight forwarder.
关键词：供应商评价；供应商选择；决策过程；专家评估方法；选择标准；货运代理。
Introduction 引言
Nowadays it is crucial for a company to have an efficient supply chain with reliable suppliers. As quality of products and services has direct impact on the final consumer, companies-buyers should be able to choose and evaluate their suppliers precisely and pay attention not only to the cost reduction, but also to other important factors.
如今，对于一家公司来说，拥有一个有可靠供应商的高效供应链至关重要。由于产品和服务的质量直接影响到最终消费者，公司买家应该能够准确地选择和评估其供应商，不仅要关注成本降低，还要关注其他重要因素。
For the last few decades a great amount of researches was devoted to the problem of supplier performance assessment. I would like to begin the observation of the existing frameworks with the paper in which the author for the first time emphasizes the importance of supplier evaluation problem (Dickson, 1966). In the study Dickson introduces the main criteria which purchasing managers use during supplier evaluation process. Out of collected data from 170 purchasing managers the next performance attributes were defined: cost offered, quality, performance history and delivery performance. However, the delivery performance indictor can only be used for already existing suppliers and can not be implemented to new ones. Another significant framework is focused on the dependence of the relative importance of the criteria on the level and type of risk in a specific purchasing situation (Cardozo and Cagley, 1971). Later the criteria of quality was defined as the highest ranked criteria followed by delivery performance and cost offered (Weber, Current, & Benton, 1991). Apart from the reviewed works, there is a numerous amount of modern ones, however they are mainly based on the listed classic researches and include the same or a slightly modernized criteria for supplier performance evaluation. To sum up, it can be concluded that supplier evaluation process should focus not only on the least-cost criteria, but on such factors as delivery, quality, performance histories, and etc.
在过去的几十年中，大量的研究致力于供应商绩效评估问题。我想从作者第一次强调供应商评估问题重要性的论文开始观察现有框架。在研究中，Dickson介绍了采购经理在供应商评估过程中使用的主要标准。从170名采购经理收集的数据中，定义了下一个绩效属性：提供的成本、质量、绩效历史和交付绩效。然而，交付绩效指标只能用于现有供应商，不能用于新供应商。另一个重要框架侧重于标准的相对重要性对特定采购情况下风险水平和类型的依赖性。后来，质量标准被定义为排名最高的标准，其次是交付性能和提供的成本。除了经过审查的工作外，还有大量的现代工作，但这些工作主要基于所列的经典研究，包括相同或稍微现代化的供应商绩效评估标准。总之，可以得出结论，供应商评估过程不仅应关注最低成本标准，还应关注交货、质量、绩效历史等因素。
In the study I want to find out which indicators are the most important in the process of giving an accurate assessment of supplier performance. In the next step, I am going to use the most significant indicators for the development of the methodology for multi-factor evaluation of suppliers work. Despite the fact that classic practice of purchasing departments shows that price remains the decisive factor in the question of supplier’s choice. Technical and socio-economical factors shouldn’t be underestimated, as soon as they take into account such significant criteria as the quality of proposed services and products, flexibility of a supplier, history performance, warranty, claims policy, etc.
在研究中，我想找出在准确评估供应商绩效的过程中，哪些指标最重要。在下一步中，我将使用最重要的指标来开发供应商工作的多因素评估方法。尽管采购部门的经典实践表明，价格仍然是供应商选择问题的决定性因素。只要考虑到拟议服务和产品的质量、供应商的灵活性、历史业绩、保修、索赔政策等重要标准，就不应低估技术和社会经济因素。
The purpose of this study is to find out which factors are the most important in the process of giving an accurate assessment of supplier performance in the sphere of international road transportation. After determination of the most significant indicators, they will be used in the process of development the methodology for multi-factor evaluation of suppliers work. Despite the fact that classic practice of purchasing departments shows that price remains the decisive factor in the question of supplier’s choice, technical and socio-economical factors should not be underestimated, as they take into account such significant criteria as the quality of proposed services and products, flexibility of a supplier, history performance, warranty, claims policy, etc.
本研究旨在找出在准确评估供应商在国际道路运输领域的绩效过程中，哪些因素最为重要。在确定最重要的指标后，将在制定供应商工作多因素评估方法的过程中使用这些指标。尽管采购部门的经典实践表明，价格仍然是供应商选择问题的决定性因素，但技术和社会经济因素不应低估，因为它们考虑了拟议服务和产品的质量、供应商的灵活性、历史业绩、保修、索赔政策等重要标准。
It is evident that it is not possible to create a unique set of indicators for evaluation of every type of suppliers. There are some methods which include the only one factor (Cost-Ratio Model), and this method can be used for evaluation of many spheres of business, however this kind of estimation can not be considered as adequate and complete. Thus, the study is focused on efficiency indicators specifically selected for suppliers of freight forwarding companies, mainly in the sphere of international road transportation. In other words, the final chosen criteria should be selected for the assessment the group of suppliers who offer services in the field of international road transportation.
显然，不可能为每一类供应商的评价制定一套独特的指标。有些方法只包括一个因素（成本比率模型），这种方法可以用于评估许多业务领域，但是这种估计不能被认为是充分和完整的。因此，本研究侧重于专门为货运代理公司供应商选择的效率指标，主要是在国际道路运输领域。换言之，应选择最终选定的标准，以便对在国际道路运输领域提供服务的供应商进行评估。
The urgency of supplier selection problem is caused by increasing customer requirements as well as growing of competitiveness on the market. The incorrect choice of a supplier can lead to the lost of both money and reputation of a company. Speaking about novelty, the selected efficiency attributes based on the analysis of existing works will group the unique integral performance criteria for giving a proper supplier assessment. Hence, the developed methodology will help companies-buyers to improve their decision-making effectiveness and minimize the risk of choice of an unreliable supplier and as a consequence to satisfy customer needs on a high level.
供应商选择问题的紧迫性是由客户需求的增加以及市场竞争力的提高引起的。供应商选择不当可能导致公司的金钱和声誉损失。说到新颖性，基于对现有工程的分析选择的效率属性将对独特的整体性能标准进行分组，以进行适当的供应商评估。因此，所开发的方法将帮助公司和买方提高其决策效率，并将选择不可靠供应商的风险降至最低，从而在较高水平上满足客户需求。
The core idea of the study is to develop the methodology of supplier efficiency evaluation based on created groups of unique integral performance criteria in order to solve multi-criteria supplier selection problem. In terms of the study the following objectives have to be achieved:
本研究的核心思想是基于创建的独特整体绩效标准组，开发供应商效率评估方法，以解决多标准供应商选择问题。就研究而言，必须实现以下目标：
Analysis of literature devoted to the supplier selection question; 分析专门讨论供应商选择问题的文献；
Selection of relevant criteria for supplier efficiency assessment in the sphere of international road transportation; 选择国际道路运输领域供应商效率评估的相关标准；
Development of the methodology for a forwarding company, describing the process of supplier efficiency assessment. 为货运公司开发方法，描述供应商效率评估过程。
As the study is focused on the supply of the international freight forwarding company, the definition should be determined precisely. Thus, international freight forwarder (IFF) is an international trade company, which can provide a variety of functions to facilitate the movement of cross-border shipments. The functions provided by IFF company include: delivery and distribution services; handling payment arrangements; assistance in paperwork required for deliveries; and organizing local and international shipping; information services; insurance; customs services and warehousing and consolidation services. In terms of the paper, delivery can be defined as the minimal period of time for the supplier needs to complete the order based on the request of a customer and on the admitted reliability of the commitment (Bairly, 1987). Quality means both the level of quality declared and the real quality of delivered products or services, which a company-buyer receives. Another important term is the performance history indicator which represents the ability of suppliers to accomplish the objectives that a company-buyer demands (Abdul Hamid and Krishnapillai, 2006). Finally, warranty can be interpreted as an obligation of a supplier that goods sold is a factually stated or legally implied and in the cases when goods fail to meet customer expectations, a supplier undertakes to repair or replace those goods.
由于研究的重点是国际货运代理公司的供应，因此应准确确定定义。因此，国际货运代理公司（IFF）是一家国际贸易公司，可以提供各种功能，以促进跨境货物的运输。IFF公司提供的功能包括：配送服务；处理付款安排；协助交付所需的文书工作；组织本地和国际航运；信息服务；保险海关服务以及仓储和合并服务。就本文而言，交货可定义为供应商根据客户要求和承诺的公认可靠性完成订单所需的最短时间。质量是指公司买方收到的申报质量水平和交付产品或服务的实际质量。另一个重要术语是绩效历史指标，它代表供应商实现公司买方要求的目标的能力。最后，保修可以解释为供应商的一项义务，即所售货物是事实陈述或法律暗示的，如果货物未能满足客户的期望，供应商承诺维修或更换这些货物。
Literature review 文献综述
Nowadays, many contemporary frameworks are focused on the problem of supplier evaluation performance. It is evident that vendor selection is one of the key functions of purchasing department (Weber et al., 1991). Especially it works for manufacturing companies, where the quality of final product and the level of customer satisfaction directly depend on suppliers’ competence and quality of raw material. According to the work of Handfield, Walton, Sroufe, & Melnyk (2002) for the last few decades suppliers and supply chains have became increasingly critical for the success of companies. It is important to highlight that raw material on average constitutes from 40 to 60 per cent of the unit cost of a product. Moreover, in the case of buying raw materials from outside vendors the percentage is higher. As a result, an increase of a price for the unit of a product leads to a loss of customer trust. Thus, it can be concluded that if a company can establish long-term relationship with reliable suppliers, it enhances the whole supply chain as a focus company can be sure in quality of purchasing products or services and can reduce costs due to long-term arrangements. However, in the following work not only cost factor will be considered as a criterion for measuring the performance of suppliers, but other quantitative and qualitative factors which are important for the decision making process.
目前，许多现代框架都关注供应商绩效评估问题。显然，供应商选择是采购部门的关键职能之一。尤其是对于制造企业，最终产品的质量和客户满意度直接取决于供应商的能力和原材料的质量。根据Handfield、Walton、Sroufe和Melnyk的工作，在过去几十年中，供应商和供应链对公司的成功越来越重要。必须强调的是，原料平均占产品单位成本的40%至60%。此外，从外部供应商购买原材料的比例更高。因此，产品单位价格的上涨会导致客户失去信任。因此，可以得出这样的结论：如果一家公司能够与可靠的供应商建立长期关系，它将加强整个供应链，因为它是一家重点公司，可以确保采购产品或服务的质量，并可以通过长期安排降低成本。然而，在接下来的工作中，不仅将成本因素视为衡量供应商绩效的标准，还将考虑其他对决策过程非常重要的定量和定性因素。
As it has already been mentioned, there are some works in the literature which include only cost factor and this approach can be used for evaluation of many spheres of business, however this kind of estimation can not be considered adequate and complete. I am going to review several frameworks devoted to the weight of price in the rating of criteria. According to Dickson’s (1996) work based on a survey of purchasing agents and managers the net price factor offered by each vendor (including discounts and freight charges) takes the 5th place and is evaluated as considerable important, while quality takes the 1st place and is categorized as extremely important, as well as delivery, performance history, warranties and claim policies criteria. However, in the work of Weber et. al (1991), which is primarily based on academic literature and compares different articles about vendor selection process, the results are not the same. Thus, the net price goes on the first place and the criterion of geographic location becomes one of the most important, while such criteria as performance history and warranties and claim policies lose its value according to the survey. As the authors analyze literature devoted to supplier evaluation and selection issue only up to 2000, the results can already be considered as outdated. Nevertheless, William Ho (2009) in his work analyses more contemporary articles written in the period from 2000 to 2008. The result of his work shows that quality again becomes the most popular criterion among authors, as well as in Dickson’s survey, while the delivery factor remains the same on the second position. Moreover, the work of William Ho observes that the third most popular criterion is price. Based on the above resources, it is possible to sum up that price is not the most important criterion in the process of supplier performance evaluation and traditional single criterion approach based on lowest cost bidding is no longer supportive. The traditional cost-based approach cannot guarantee that the selected supplier is comprehensive optimal as the customer-oriented criteria such as quality, delivery, flexibility, etc. are not considered.
如前所述，文献中有一些工作仅包括成本因素，这种方法可用于评估许多业务领域，但这种估计不能被视为充分和完整。我将回顾几个专门讨论评级标准中价格权重的框架。根据Dickson的工作，基于对采购代理和经理的调查，每个供应商提供的净价格因素（包括折扣和运费）排在第五位，被评估为相当重要，而质量排在第一位，被归类为极其重要，以及交货、性能历史、保修和索赔政策标准。然而，在韦伯等人的工作中，主要基于学术文献并比较了关于供应商选择过程的不同文章，结果并不相同。因此，净价格排在第一位，地理位置标准成为最重要的标准之一，而根据调查，性能历史、保修和索赔政策等标准失去了价值。由于作者分析了2000年前专门研究供应商评估和选择问题的文献，结果可能已经过时。尽管如此，William Ho在他的作品中分析了2000年至2008年期间撰写的更多当代文章。他的作品结果表明，质量再次成为作家和Dickson调查中最流行的标准，而交付因素在第二位上保持不变。此外，William Ho的研究发现，第三个最流行的标准是价格。基于上述资源，可以总结出，价格不是供应商绩效评估过程中最重要的标准，基于最低成本投标的传统单标准方法不再支持。传统的基于成本的方法不能保证选定的供应商是全面最优的，因为没有考虑以客户为导向的标准，如质量、交付、灵活性等。
The most of the existing articles are focused on vendor selection problem in industrial companies, where purchasing departments procure raw material from their suppliers (Dickson, 1966). However, far too little attention has been paid to the service provider evaluation and selection. Thus, in terms of my study I will mainly focus on the criteria appropriate for evaluation and comparison of a supplier that provides services in the sphere of international road transportations. The existing limitations are set due to the aim of the study, which is devoted to creation of a decision-making model for evaluation supplier performance in the forwarding company. As the process of evaluating and selecting the most appropriate supplier bases on the chosen criteria, the set of criteria should be selected precisely. Thus, authors (Kahraman, Cebeci, & Ulukan, 2003) suggest that selection criteria can be grouped into the distinct categories by merging resembling factors into one group. The author carries out service and cost criteria as the most important for the carrier selection, while authors of another work (Pedersen & Gray, 1998) performed the next four categories: timing, price, security and service. McGinnis (1989) in his work analyzes the data of 11 studies and concludes that every paper has its own combination of factors, but reliability remains the most important one, while transportation time is more valuable than freight price criterion. Premeaux (2002) compares the factors chosen by responders in 1991 to results in 2001. More up-to-date responses show that customers have started pay more attention to such factors as information access, availability of services, carrier performance and customer relations. Therefore, Voss, Page Jr, Keller and Ozment (2006) are the first authors who took into account carrier security criterion. To sum up, the listed frameworks are based on different way of classification, ranking, different methodologies, that means that results are hard to compare. However, the next paper examines supplier selection decisions in terms of the national aspect, where responders from different countries should rank the identical set of criteria (Wang, Bovik, Sheikh, & Simoncelli, 2004). Thus, the authors compare 5 countries (UK, US, China, Germany and Norway) and demonstrate the results which show that quality is considered the first priority factor for UK, US and China with delivery on the second place, while for Norway and Germany the result is opposite. Another research made in Israel with Israeli international traders (Perlman at. al 2009) identifies reliability group of factors as the most important, which includes such criteria as reliability of service and presented information. The second most important factor for responders is the deadlines, that means carriers are able to meet their own obligations towards customers and provide them with reliable schedules. Competitive price takes the third place, thus it is following that for Israeli traders price is not the decisive factor.
现有的文章大多集中在工业公司的供应商选择问题上，采购部门从供应商处采购原材料。然而，对服务提供商的评估和选择关注太少。因此，在我的研究中，我将主要关注在国际道路运输领域提供服务的供应商的评估和比较标准。现有的限制是由于本研究的目的而设置的，该研究致力于创建一个决策模型，用于评估货运公司的供应商绩效。由于评估和选择最合适供应商的过程基于所选标准，因此应准确选择标准集。因此，作者建议，通过将相似因素合并为一组，可以将选择标准分为不同的类别。作者将服务和成本标准作为承运人选择的最重要标准，而另一部作品的作者则将其分为四类：时间、价格、安全和服务。McGinnis在他的工作中分析了11项研究的数据，并得出结论，每篇论文都有自己的因素组合，但可靠性仍然是最重要的因素，而运输时间比运费价格标准更有价值。Premeaux将1991年响应者选择的因素与2001年的结果进行了比较。更多最新的响应表明，客户已开始更加关注信息访问、服务可用性、运营商绩效和客户关系等因素。因此，Voss、Page Jr、Keller和Ozment是第一批考虑承运人安全标准的作者。总之，列出的框架基于不同的分类方式、排名和不同的方法，这意味着结果很难比较。然而，下一篇论文从国家层面考察了供应商选择决策，来自不同国家的响应者应按照相同的标准进行排名。因此，作者对5个国家（英国、美国、中国、德国和挪威进行了比较，并展示了结果，结果表明，英国、美国和中国将质量视为第一优先因素，交付排在第二位，而挪威和德国的结果正好相反。在以色列与以色列国际贸易商进行的另一项研究将可靠性因素组确定为最重要的因素，其中包括服务可靠性和提供的信息等标准。对于响应者来说，第二个最重要的因素是截止日期，这意味着运营商能够履行自己对客户的义务，并为他们提供可靠的时间表。竞争性价格排在第三位，因此对以色列贸易商来说，价格不是决定性因素。
To conclude, I would like to point out that it is not possible to create a unique set of indicators for evaluation of every type of supplier. However, there is a basic set of criteria, such as quality of production, delivery, price, reputation and others, which suits both service and product companies, including freight forwarders.
最后，我想指出，不可能为每种类型的供应商制定一套独特的评价指标。然而，有一套基本的标准，如生产质量、交货、价格、声誉等，适用于服务和产品公司，包括货运代理。
Methodology 方法论
As the study is aimed at finding out the most relevant criteria for giving an accurate assessment of supplier performance in the sphere of international road transportation, data sourcing is one of the main parts of the study. Thus, the data gathering will be implemented by interviewing the employees of Major Cargo Service company and other specialists in the sphere of international road transportations. Moreover, during the work such methods of analysis as abstracting and reviewing of existing frameworks regarding the problem of performance assessment in the field of transporting will be used. The papers undertaken over the last decade will be sourced through such databases as Science Direct, JSTOR, Scopus, etc.
由于本研究旨在找出准确评估供应商在国际道路运输领域绩效的最相关标准，因此数据来源是本研究的主要部分之一。因此，将通过采访主要货运服务公司的员工和国际公路运输领域的其他专家来进行数据收集。此外，在工作期间，将使用诸如对运输领域绩效评估问题的现有框架进行抽象和审查等分析方法。过去十年的论文将通过Science Direct、JSTOR、Scopus等数据库获取。
Another part of the research will be devoted to the choice of suppliers for the future assessment. As long as the focus company is an international freight forwarder, one of their key services is international delivery forwarding, which includes cargo transportation. However, the company does not have its own vehicle fleet, which means they use services of carriers, which must be reliable as it affects the whole supply chain of the company. Thus, the main suppliers of the international road transportation department are international or domestic carriers. In the study, the group of suppliers will be selected out of a company database. One of the main limitations of the study is that efficiency evaluation can be done only with carriers, who have already provided their transportation services to the firm. In other words, new suppliers can not be compared with already existing ones as criteria demand the information regarding the level of performed services, the percentage of successful carriages, etc.
研究的另一部分将致力于为未来评估选择供应商。只要focus公司是一家国际货运代理公司，他们的关键服务之一就是国际货运代理，其中包括货物运输。然而，该公司没有自己的车队，这意味着他们使用承运人的服务，这必须是可靠的，因为这会影响公司的整个供应链。因此，国际道路运输部的主要供应商是国际或国内承运人。在研究中，将从公司数据库中选择供应商组。该研究的主要局限性之一是，效率评估只能对已经向公司提供运输服务的承运人进行。换言之，新供应商无法与现有供应商进行比较，因为标准要求提供有关所提供服务水平、成功运输的百分比等信息。
Another limitation is that the group of carriers will be chosen in terms of the same direction. Such a limitation is caused by geo-political features which may vary depending on the direction of a carriage. As the range of criteria will be the same for every supplier, the chosen carriers should be in the same external conditions. Moreover, a transportation direction will be chosen in the interests of the company to analyze a specific group of suppliers.
另一个限制是，载波组将根据相同方向进行选择。这种限制是由地缘政治特征造成的，这些特征可能因运输方向而异。由于每个供应商的标准范围相同，因此所选承运人应处于相同的外部条件下。此外，将根据公司的利益选择运输方向，以分析特定的供应商群体。
The process of gathering and selecting the criteria for supplier assessment is crucial for reaching the aim of the work. During the analysis of existing literature the most significant criteria described by contemporary authors will be collected and compared. Thus, the main range of criteria will be formed out of already existing factors described in the frameworks. In the next stage, the criteria will be sorted by using the method of expert assessment. In other words, the process of sorting will be conducted with the help of specialists from the Major Cargo Service Company, including the head of the international road transportation department. The experts will choose the most relevant criteria, which afterwards will be grouped into general factors, such as economical, technical, qualitative etc. As complex factors, or multi-criteria factors, include qualitative criteria, they will be transferred into numeric values according to a corresponding scale.
收集和选择供应商评估标准的过程对于实现工作目标至关重要。在分析现有文献的过程中，将收集并比较当代作者描述的最重要标准。因此，主要标准范围将由框架中描述的现有因素构成。在下一阶段，将使用专家评估方法对标准进行排序。换言之，分拣过程将在主要货运服务公司专家的帮助下进行，包括国际道路运输部负责人。专家将选择最相关的标准，然后将其分为一般因素，如经济、技术、定性等。作为复杂因素，或多标准因素，包括定性标准，它们将根据相应的比例转换为数值。
On the other stage, according to the method of qualimetry, each criterion should get its own weight of importance, which will be identified by the same group of experts. It means that the method of expert assessment will be used again. The group of experts will range the chosen criteria according to their professional experience and competences in the sphere of international road carriages. As soon as these steps are carried out, the supplier with the highest efficiency will be identified.
在另一个阶段，根据质量测定法，每个标准都应该有自己的重要性权重，由同一组专家确定。这意味着将再次使用专家评估方法。专家组将根据其在国际公路运输领域的专业经验和能力，确定所选标准的范围。一旦执行这些步骤，将确定效率最高的供应商。
Results 结果
The literature analyzed during the work will collect the main ideas considering the different methods of supplier selection and assessment questions. It will be helpful not only for the future researchers in the field of supplier efficiency analysis and evaluation, but for managers of forwarding companies as they can get the summarized information considering relevant criteria used in the process of carriers assessment.
工作期间分析的文献将收集考虑供应商选择和评估问题的不同方法的主要观点。这不仅有助于未来供应商效率分析和评估领域的研究人员，也有助于货运公司的管理人员，因为他们可以根据承运人评估过程中使用的相关标准获得总结信息。
As it has already been mentioned, the process of choosing the most relevant criteria for carriers assessment will be taken in the two main steps. At first, the criteria will be selected out of those, described in the cotemporary literature. On the next step, they will be corrected by the specialists of the focus company. Presumably, the following factors will be included in the final range of criteria: performance history, number of vehicles owned by a carrier, warranties and claim policies, etc.
如前所述，将在两个主要步骤中选择最相关的承运人评估标准。首先，将从同期文献中描述的标准中选择标准。下一步，焦点公司的专家将对其进行纠正。据推测，以下因素将包括在最终标准范围内：性能历史、运营商拥有的车辆数量、保修和索赔政策等。
The developed methodology will be described in details specifically for forwarding companies. The methodology will include the algorithms of ranging the chosen criteria, the process of criteria comparison according to the experts assessment method based on the science of qualimetry and finally describe the process of estimation and getting results. Thus, managers of the focus company will have a tool for estimation of suppliers and will be able to compare and choose the most profitable suppliers considering not only cost factor, but other relevant quantitative and numeric criteria. Moreover, the tool will be developed in the MS Excel in order to make it available and easy to apply on practice as MS software is traditionally used in transportation companies.
将专门针对货运公司详细描述所开发的方法。该方法将包括确定所选标准范围的算法，根据基于质量计量学的专家评估方法进行标准比较的过程，最后描述评估和获得结果的过程。因此，焦点公司的经理将拥有一个评估供应商的工具，并将能够比较和选择最有利可图的供应商，不仅考虑成本因素，还考虑其他相关的定量和数字标准。此外，该工具将在MS Excel中开发，以使其可用并易于在实践中应用，因为MS软件传统上用于运输公司。
Conclusion 结论
As the role of suppliers in supply chains of modern companies tends to increase, the question of accurate supplier efficiency evaluation becomes urgent. It is especially important for forwarding companies to work only with efficient and reliable carriers as they play significant role in the question of customer satisfaction. It is evident that the best carrier can not be chosen correctly without relevant selecting criteria, that is why the results of this work will be helpful for forwarding companies who care about their reputation and success.
随着供应商在现代企业供应链中的作用趋于增强，准确评估供应商效率的问题变得紧迫。货运公司只与高效可靠的承运人合作尤其重要，因为他们在客户满意度问题上发挥着重要作用。显然，如果没有相关的选择标准，就无法正确选择最佳承运人，这就是为什么这项工作的结果将有助于关心其声誉和成功的货运公司。
Another part of the study, which is devoted to the development of the unique methodology, includes the selected criteria and will be based on MS Excel. However, the created tool will have to be adopted manually to the new conditions if for example the amount of selecting criteria will change. Due to that fact, the research might be continued with the development of program, which can be directly installed in a corporate system of a company. Moreover, in the study will be used the method of expert assessment as the methodology will be created for the specific company, while the same procedure can be implemented through the hierarchy analysis method. This method has complex mathematical structure that increases the accuracy of results and reduces the subjective factor. Thus, the described method can be used in the future researches, afterwards the results can be compared to a more traditional expert assessment method.
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该留学生MBA论文代写范例的另一部分致力于开发独特的方法，包括选定的标准，并将基于MS Excel。但是，如果选择标准的数量发生变化，则必须手动采用创建的工具来适应新条件。由于这一事实，研究可能会随着程序的开发而继续，该程序可以直接安装在公司的公司系统中。此外，在研究中，将使用专家评估方法，因为该方法将针对特定公司创建，而相同的程序可通过层次分析法实施。该方法具有复杂的数学结构，提高了结果的准确性，减少了主观因素。因此，留学生MBA论文范文所描述的方法可以用于未来的研究，然后将结果与更传统的专家评估方法进行比较。本站提供各国留学生MBA论文代写和指导服务，如有需要可咨询本平台。