A Brief Guide to Harvard Referencing格式
The following tables are adapted from ‘Harvard Referencing 2006’ guide of Curtin University of
Technology [http://library.curtin.edu.au/referencing/harvard.pdf] and ‘Harvard style bibliographiesand references’ from Leeds University
[http://www.leeds.ac.uk/library/training/referencing/harvard.htm]
英语论文参考文献格式The table offers a suggested style of writing references for Business and Management Studiesassignments.
Books In-Text Example Reference List Example
Single author ‘Nishiguchi (1994) claimed that …’ Nishiguchi, T. 1994. Strategic IndustrialSourcing. New York: Oxford University
Press
2 or 3 authors (Keates and Clarkson 2004, p.45)
OR
Keates and Clarkson (2004, p. 45)
discuss this idea…
Keates, S. and Clarkson, J. 2004.
Countering design exclusion. London:
Springer-Verlag
4 or more
authors
(Clarkson et al. 2003) Clarkson, J., Coleman, R., Keates, S. and
Lebbon, C. 2003. Inclusive Design: Design
for the whole population. London:
Springer-Verlag
No author ‘This was apparently not the case
before about 1995’ (Advertising in
the Western Cape 1990, p. 14)…
OR
‘In Advertising in the Western Cape
(1990, p. 14) it was claimed that…’
Advertising in the Western Cape. 1990.
Cape Town: ABC Publishers
Multiple works
by same author
‘Studies on NPD (Cooper 1990,
1994) have indicated that…’
Cooper, R.G. 1990. Stage-Gate Systems: A
New Tool for Managing New Products.
Business Horizons. Vol. 33. No. 3. pp. 44-
54
Cooper, R.G. 1994. Third-Generation New
Product Processes. Journal of Product
Innovation Management. Vol. 11. No. 1.
pp. 3-14
Order chronologically in the reference
list.
Multiple works
published in the
same year by
the same
author(s)
‘In recent reports (Lawrence and
Lorsch 1967a, 1967b)…’
Use a/b etc. to differentiate
between works in same year.
Lawrence, P.R. and Lorsch, J.W. 1967a.
Differentiation and integration in complex
organizations. Administrative Science
Quarterly. Vol. 12. pp. 1-47
Lawrence, P.R. and Lorsch, J.W. 1967b.
Organization and Environment: Managing
Differentiation and Integration,
Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press
Order alphabetically by title in the
reference list.
Editor (Håkansson 1987) Håkansson, H. (ed.) 1987. Industrial
Technical Development: A Network
Approach. London: Routledge
Different Freeman (1982, p. 25) suggests Freeman, C. 1982. The Economics of
Editions that… Industrial Innovation. 2nd edn. London:
Frances Pinter
An edition number is placed after the
title of the work - this is not necessary
for a first edition.
Article or
chapter in a
book
As discussed by Lee (1988)… Lee, G.L. 1988. Managerial Strategies,
Information Technology and Engineers. In
Knights, D. and Willmott, H. (eds). New
Technology and the Labour Process.
Basingstoke: Macmillan
Conference
Proceeding
(Macdonald and Williams 1992) Macdonald, S. and Williams, C. 1992. The
Survival of the Gatekeeper. Proceedings of
the International Product Development
Conference on New Approaches to
Development and Engineering. Brussels:
EIASM. 18/19 May. pp. 349-64
Annual report
of an
organisation
(Royal Dutch Shell 2006) Royal Dutch Shell. 2006. 2005 Annual
Report. London: Royal Dutch Shell plc
Print Journals In-Text Example Reference List Example
Article As mentioned by Tanimoto (2004, p.
160)…
Tanimoto, K. 2004. Changes in the Market
Society and Corporate Social
Responsibility. Asian Business &
Management. Vol. 3. pp. 151-72
Article – no
author
(The ageing workforce 2006, p.
76)…
The ageing workforce. 2006. The
Economist. Vol. 378. Iss. 8465. 18
February. pp. 75-77
Newspaper/Ma
gazine article
(Norris 2006) Norris, S. 2006. Inclusiveness is
profitable. Financial Times. 31 May. p.2
Newspaper
article – no
author
...in the Sydney Morning Herald (24
January 2000, p. 12)
Provide all the details in the in-text
citation – no need for an entry in the
reference list.????
Press release (Defra 2006) Defra. 2006. Petrol station pollution to be
cut by 85%. Press release, issued 23
October 2006
Electronic
Journals
In-Text Example Reference List Example
Full text from
an electronic
database
(Pisano 2006) Pisano, G. 2006. Can Science Be a
Business? Lessons from Biotech. Harvard
Business Review. Vol. 84. Iss. 10. pp.
114-125 [online] Available from Business
Source Premier [Accessed 20 October
2006]
Full text from
an electronic
database – no
author
“There is no better way to innovate
than by actually being the
consumer.” (Richard Cotter: Where
there's innovation - there is also
passion 2006, p. 11)
Richard Cotter: Where there's innovation -
there is also passion. 2006. Brand Strategy
[online]. 9 October. p. 11. Available from
ABI/Inform Global. [Accessed 20 October
2006]
Full text
newspaper,
(Hitachi Maxell Annual Report to
Shareholders: 'Innovation and Speed'
Hitachi Maxell Annual Report to
Shareholders: 'Innovation and Speed'.
newswire or
magazine from
an electronic
database – no
author
2006) 2006. Japan Corporate News Network
[online]. 19 October. p.1. Available from
ABI/Inform. [Accessed 20 October 2006]
Full text from
the internet
It was proposed by Devon (2004)
that…
Devon, R. 2004. Towards a Social Ethics
of Technology: A Research Prospect.
Techné: Research in Philosophy and
Technology. Vol.8 (Fall). [online]
Available from:
1/devon.html [Accessed 20 July 2006]
Secondary
Sources
In-Text Example Reference List Example
Book ‘Including neuralgia’ (Carini and
Hogan, cited in Thibodeau and
Patton 2002, p. 45)
OR
Carini and Hogan (cited in
Thibodeau and Patton 2002, p.
45)…
Thibodeau, G.A. and Patton, K.T. (eds.)
2002. The human body in health and
disease. St. Louis, Mo: Mosby
Record the book that you actually
sourced.
Journal Article ‘…origins of neuralgia’ (Carini and
Hogan, cited in Patton 2002, p.
2154)
OR
Carini and Hogan (cited in Patton
2002)
Patton, K.T. 2002. ‘Neuralgia and
headaches’. Science. Vol. 4. pp. 2153-55.
Record the journal that you actually
sourced.
World Wide
Web
In-Text Example Reference List Example
Document on
WWW
英语论文参考文献格式(Hawkings 2000). Hawkings, S. 2000. Professor Stephen
Hawking's website [online]. Available
from: http://www.hawking.org.uk
[Accessed 9 May 2002].
Document on
WWW – No
author
(Climate change and energy 2006) Climate change and energy. 2006. [online].
Available from: http://www.sustainabledevelopment.
gov.uk/what/priority/climatechange/
index.htm [Accessed 13 October
2006]
Document on
WWW – No
date
(BBC. n.d.) BBC. n.d. Climate change from the BBC
Weather Centre: Impacts [online].
Available from:
http://www.bbc.co.uk/climate/impact
[Accessed 20 October 2006]