留学生Business作业合格范例-当前商业道德问题。本文是一篇国外大学Business专业课程作业范文，是一篇标准的符合要求的参考范例，主要内容是讲述道德是商业的重要组成部分。许多企业都有企业道德规范，其中概述了指导组织行为的原则。即使有了这些规定，企业也经常面临违反道德规范的挑战。有时，企业因未能遵守政府或法律道德规范而受到处罚。在下一节中，留学作业中还探讨了一些当代伦理问题，如高管薪酬、企业社会责任、全球化、商业伦理环境、医疗保健等。下面就一起来参考这篇留学生Business作业范文的全部内容。
Introduction 引言
Ethics is an important ingredient in business. Many businesses have a corporate code of ethics in which they outline the principles that guide behavior in the organization. Even with those stipulations, businesses frequently face challenges regarding the breakage of the rules in their codes of ethics. At times, businesses pay penalties for failing to comply with governmental or legal codes of ethics. In the following section, the paper explores some contemporary ethical issues such as executive pay, corporate social responsibility, globalization, business ethical climate, health care, etc.
CEO Pay 首席执行官薪酬
One of the contemporary ethical issues in businesses regards executive pay. Over the recent past, chief executive officers of some of the Fortune, 500 companies have earned monthly salaries to the tunes of tens of millions. In the United States, executive pay has raised to more than 270 times that of an average worker (Umoh, 2018). The ethical part of the discussion regarding the high pay includes the role of the CEO in the process of deciding his or her pay. As members of the board of directors, CEOs could take part in deciding their salaries and other allowances. A second point is a justification for such high payments bearing in mind the contribution of junior and subordinate employees (to the company’s productivity and profits). As much as companies want to attract talent in an increasingly competitive business world, I think businesses should reconsider the contributions of all employees and not just the CEO. That way, there will be fairness in decision-making. If businesses view productivity as a product of teamwork, perhaps they would not pay the CEO such huge amounts at the expense of the average employee who works for 40 hours or more for the sake of the business. Even so, I cannot give a preferable figure because companies differ in their production capacities, the number of employees, and the profits they make. Only I believe that companies should consider other employees in the determination of CEO salary and not the perceived role of the CEO in the success of the business.
当代商业道德问题之一涉及高管薪酬。在最近的一段时间里，财富500强中一些公司的首席执行官月薪高达数千万美元。在美国，高管薪酬已提高到普通员工的270倍以上。关于高薪的讨论的道德部分包括首席执行官在决定其薪酬过程中的作用。作为董事会成员，首席执行官可以参与决定他们的工资和其他津贴。第二点是考虑到初级和下级员工（对公司生产力和利润）的贡献，支付如此高的薪酬的理由。尽管公司希望在竞争日益激烈的商业世界中吸引人才，但我认为企业应该重新考虑所有员工的贡献，而不仅仅是首席执行官。这样，决策就会公平。如果企业将生产力视为团队合作的产物，或许他们不会以牺牲为企业工作40小时或以上的普通员工为代价向首席执行官支付如此巨额的薪酬。即便如此，我也无法给出一个更好的数字，因为公司在生产能力、员工数量和利润方面存在差异。只有我认为，在确定首席执行官的薪酬时，公司应该考虑其他员工，而不是首席执行官在企业成功中所扮演的角色。
Climate and Corporate Social Responsibility 气候与企业社会责任
The responsibility of reducing the footprint applies to all companies. Bill McKibben once wrote a book in which he reminded the audience of prior warnings of the dangers of climate change. In the book, Bill presents a handful of facts and statistics showing the rates of increment in the carbon footprint over the years. Companies represent one of the groups of the primary stakeholders to blame for the increment in the carbon footprint, although the author invites everyone to revisit their contributions to that trend and to make decisions regarding the future (McKibben, 2010).
减少足迹的责任适用于所有公司。比尔·麦基本曾经写过一本书，他在书中提醒观众注意气候变化的危险性。在书中，比尔介绍了一些事实和统计数据，显示了多年来碳足迹的增长率。公司是碳足迹增加的主要利益相关者群体之一，尽管作者邀请大家重新审视他们对这一趋势的贡献，并就未来做出决定。
As the discourse of climate change continues to intensify, many governments have continued to strengthen regulations regarding manufacturing and other business activities that increase the footprint. Both the private and public sectors have intensified their initiatives for keeping the footprint as low as possible. The corporate greening campaign is a fruit of those incentives. Through the initiative, companies call upon manufacturers and other players to ensure that production activities release the lowest levels of greenhouse gases (Clegg, Kornberger &Pitsis, 2015). Some companies have shown leadership in the campaign. Apple, for instance, ensures that business partners, especially those that supply raw materials, practice green business.
随着对气候变化的讨论不断加强，许多政府继续加强有关制造业和其他增加足迹的商业活动的监管。私营和公共部门都加强了将足迹保持在尽可能低的水平的举措。企业绿化运动就是这些激励措施的成果。通过该倡议，公司呼吁制造商和其他参与者确保生产活动释放最低水平的温室气体。一些公司在这场运动中发挥了领导作用。例如，苹果公司确保商业伙伴，特别是那些提供原材料的伙伴，从事绿色业务。
Globalization 全球化
The global movement of business presents new opportunities and threats to companies. Some of the new locations present different cost structures for the company. In China, for instance, the average wage happens to be lower than that of the US. A US-based company that sets up a new establishment in China, for that matter, should not take advantage of the wage difference to exploit workers in the new location. Even though government regulation might not force the company to maintain high wages, employees in the new location could reiterate once they learn the company takes advantage of the situation. In such case, therefore, the business should mind the ethical values of equality, transparency, and the regard for the human to guide its decisions before making a loss as a result of strikes or other unfavorable deeds by employees.
全球商业运动给公司带来了新的机遇和威胁。一些新地点为公司提供了不同的成本结构。例如，在中国，平均工资恰好低于美国。因此，在中国设立新机构的美国公司不应利用工资差异剥削新地点的工人。尽管政府监管可能不会迫使公司维持高工资，但新地点的员工一旦得知公司利用了这种情况，可以重申这一点。因此，在这种情况下，企业在因员工罢工或其他不利行为而蒙受损失之前，应牢记平等、透明和尊重人的道德价值观。
Health Care 医疗护理
The costs if health care are high. Businesses and employees have different perceptions of the qualities of a good health plan. To the company, a health plan that enables the company to save as much money as possible is the most attractive. To employees, on the other hand, a health plan that enables the employee to pay the least deductibles when they visit the hospital is the most attractive (Snell &Morris, 2016). However, both organizations and employees agree on the need for proactive measures rather than treatment which leads to huge expenditures. In that view, companies should encourage their employees to practice measures that reduce the incidences of disease. Such measures include the reduction of obesity through physical exercises. Also, companies should encourage their employees to take insurance policies to reduce expenditure in the event of disease.
如果医疗费用很高。企业和员工对良好健康计划的质量有不同的看法。对公司来说，一个能够让公司尽可能多地节省资金的健康计划是最有吸引力的。另一方面，对于员工而言，让员工在就诊时支付最低免赔额的健康计划最具吸引力。然而，组织和员工都同意需要采取主动措施，而不是治疗，这将导致巨额支出。有鉴于此，公司应该鼓励员工采取措施降低疾病发生率。这些措施包括通过体育锻炼减少肥胖。此外，公司应鼓励员工购买保险，以减少患病时的支出。
Positive Ethical Climate 积极的道德氛围
Companies should strive to ensure that employees uphold ethics. The corporate code of ethics I mentioned above provides a good starting point for the process of keeping a healthy ethical climate. Also, companies should practice transparency (openness), honesty, trust, etc. Some of the ways the company can keep that spirit are by ensuring fairness and equity in promotion procedures. Also, the company should give equal opportunities to female and male employees and not sideline any of the genders. The company should practice fairness in the distribution of benefits. Also, the company should encourage equal opportunities regarding recruitment and retention of employees.
公司应努力确保员工遵守道德规范。我上面提到的公司道德规范为保持健康的道德氛围提供了一个良好的起点。此外，公司应实行透明（公开）、诚实、信任等。公司保持这种精神的一些方法是确保晋升程序的公平和公正。此外，公司应为女性和男性员工提供平等的机会，不得将任何性别的员工排除在外。公司在分配利益时应做到公平。此外，公司应鼓励在招聘和留住员工方面享有平等机会。
Conclusion 结论
A company’s mission and vision statements should be the primary drivers of the practices above. In addition to the vision and mission statements, the company should also have a values statement envisioning all the above features. Companies should also asses the environments in which they operate to make appropriate decisions regarding language and other practices that affect the way the community receives the company. Mere compliance to government regulations should be the rarest attitude from the company.
References
Clegg, S. R., Kornberger, M. & Pitsis, T. (2015). Managing and organizations: An introduction to theory and practice. Sage.
McKibben, B. (2010). Making a Life on a Tough New Planet. Henry Holt and Company.
Snell, S. &Morris, S. (2016). Managing human resources. Cengage Learning.
Umoh, R. (2018). “CEOs make $15.6 million on average—here’s how much their pay has increased compared to yours over the year.”
留学生Business作业总结公司的使命和愿景声明应是上述实践的主要驱动因素。除了愿景和使命声明外，公司还应该有一份价值观声明，其中包括上述所有功能。公司还应评估其运营环境，以就影响社区接受公司的方式的语言和其他做法做出适当决定。仅仅遵守政府规定应该是该公司最罕见的态度。
本站提供各国各专业留学生作业指导和代写服务，如有需要可咨询本平台。