本文是教育专业的留学生Essay范例，题目是“Should Private Schools be Abolished?（私立学校应该取消吗？）”。在这篇文章中，我将研究是否应该废除私立学校。 在看到工党在 2019 年 9 月的党代会上讨论这个问题后，我感到震惊和惊讶。 这是因为我在私立教育中度过了我的整个求学生涯，对于工党提出废除私立学校的建议，我认为对于像我这样的私立教育学生来说是非常令人担忧的。
In this essay I am going to be looking at whether private schools should be abolished. After seeing the Labour Party debating this issue in their Party conference in September 2019, I was shocked and very surprised. This is because I have spent my whole schooling life in private education and for Labour to propose abolishing private schools, I think is very worrying for a privately educated pupil, such as myself.
The Shadow Chancellor, John McDonnell, announced this plan and called it ‘Abolish Eton[1]’ stating that he wants an integrated education system.
影子校长约翰·麦克唐纳宣布了这一计划，并称其为“废除伊顿公学[1]”，表示他想要一个综合教育系统。
I believe that the reason John McDonell proposed this plan, is according tot he Independent Schools Council, 6.5% of UK children are privately educated, compared to 15% for sixth form pupils. He said that “Our society is grotesquely unequal... part of the reason is because of the inequalities in education..large amounts of money are spent on a privileged few.”
In this essay, I will be looking at whether John McDonnell’s argument is fair and whether there is a correlation of attending private school and having more advantages. Are the differences between private and state education and the differences of state education and if abolishing private schools would make these opportunities available to all.
In September 2019, Labour held their annual Party conference in Brighton. The shadow education secretary, Angela Rayner, said that a Labour government would scrap the ‘tax loopholes’ benefitting private schools[2]. This drew a mixed response from teachers with 41% supporting this motion and 36%2 opposed to it.
One teacher who is opposed to this idea is Peter Green headteacher of Rugby School, a private school in Warwickshire[3]. Green said that this scheme would force him to warn his support staff that they may become unemployed and the school could be forced to shut3. He warned that this could also ruin the town of Rugby. He stated that the school is the town’s largest employer and provides in excess of £30 million to the local community each year3.
If these figures are correct it shows how a private educational establishment can benefit, not only the pupils attending, but the wider community. This Labour policy would not only affect pupils attending private schools, but also those employed by it and potentially those living in surrounding areas.
如果这些数字是正确的，它表明私立教育机构可以如何受益，不仅是就读的学生，还有更广泛的社区。 这项工党政策不仅会影响就读私立学校的学生，还会影响受雇于该校的学生以及可能居住在周边地区的学生。
These plans are supported by the Labour chairman, Ian Lavery[4]. He said that fee-paying schools were ‘incompatible’ with Labour’s pledge to promote ‘social justice’.4 The Labour Party believe that everyone should have an equal start in life, and private schooling will give an unfair advantage.
It is reported that there is already far too much pressure on our state education system. In 2014, over 4000 state school headteachers had to write to parents warning that there wasn’t enough funding for their school to run as efficiently as it could[5]. Despite this information coming from an unfamiliar source, from what I have read in the news, I believe that this information is accurate. In these letters, the headteachers warn that children who live in poorer areas do not have the same resources available to them as those who live in more well-off areas5. I agree that it is unfair that some people have very limited opportunities at school. However, I believe that if private schools were abolished, these problems would be exacerbated.
At the moment, the average student to teacher ratio at private school is 12:1, compared to a state school where it is 16:1.[6] Average class sizes in state schools are 25 compared to private schools where there is an average of 19.5 students per class.6 If another 650,000 students joined the state system, these figures would increase to an unmanageable amount. Therefore, I think that before the Labour Party consider abolishing private schools, there is a need for massive financial investment into the state education system.
A factor that may affect this, could be because the UK is one of the most expensive places in the world to get a degree.5 For example, the average university fees in the UK is £9.3k compared to £3.0k in Russia, £2.7k in China and £2.3k in India.[7]
One proposal in which 10 grammar schools are trying to address their financial issues are by teaching thousands of Chinese students at their schools, resulting in a saving of £40,000 a year for each school.[8] The suggested charge per pupil is £2,000 for one sixth former for a six month stay7. These grammar schools are hoping that the money they make from this plan, would pay for more teachers in their schools.
10 所文法学校试图解决其财务问题的一项建议是在他们的学校教数千名中国学生，从而为每所学校每年节省 40,000 英镑。 [8] 每名学生的建议费用为 2,000 英镑，六分之一的学生入住 6 个月7。 这些文法学校希望他们从这个计划中赚到的钱能支付给他们学校更多的教师。
The plans drawn up by these schools would also see 500 Chinese teachers being brought to the UK to be trained in British teaching methods.7 I believe that this information is very reliable as I extracted it from the distinguished and reliable newspaper, The Daily Telegraph. Therefore, if this scheme comes to fruition, it could be a good additional source of income for the state school sector. This increase in income for state schools will only enhance their pupils’ education. However, if the private schools were abolished as by proposed by the Labour Party, people could claim that grammar schools are elitist, and grammar schools would be the only schools that require pupils to sit an entrance exam to be offered a place, which will make them the only selective schools. The already fierce competition to secure a place at grammar school could become even more competitive and over-subscribed.[9]
Teachers working in the private education sector earn roughly 10% more than those who teach in the state sector.[10] If private schools were abolished and the teachers decided to teach in state schools, this could mean that they would have to take a pay cut in order to carry on teaching, or decide whether they would prefer a different career.
In November 2019, state education teachers argued that their pay was so low, that they needed a pay rise due to their pay falling “relentlessly since 2010, with a drop of 15% against RPI inflation.”[11]
It appears that there is a larger percentage of newly qualified teachers teaching within the private sector6; 16% of the teachers at private schools are newly qualified compared to the 11% at state schools6 and this could be because they are attracted by the higher wages. Additionally, there could be an argument that the teaching at state schools is better, because 48% of the teachers in this sector have a masters degree, compared to 36% at private schools.
似乎有更大比例的新合格教师在私营部门任教6； 私立学校 16% 的教师是新合格的，而公立学校为 11%6，这可能是因为他们被更高的工资所吸引。 此外，可能有人认为公立学校的教学更好，因为该部门 48% 的教师拥有硕士学位，而私立学校的这一比例为 36%。
It is argued that privately educated pupils may have a better chance of securing a place at one of the leading universities than pupils who attend comprehensive schools. In 2014, 5.2% of independent pupils were accepted to Oxbridge, compared with 0.8% of comprehensive pupils.[12] These figures, reported by the BBC in September 2019,13 may indicate that there is an unfair advantage to private school pupils, as they have a higher admissions rate. However, the counter argument is that this could be because they might have received a better education and thus have attained better exam results than their state school peers. In the same report, the BBC said that UK children who are privately educated are likely to earn almost £200,000 more between the ages of 26 and 4211.
At the age of 34, the privately educated pupils will have earned about 43% more per hour compared to a state educated pupils 11. What is not shown in this report, is what career these people are doing. It could be that the privately educated pupils were working in a job that had a higher rate of pay.
在 34 岁时，私立教育的学生每小时的收入将比公立教育的学生多 43% 11。本报告中没有显示的是这些人从事的职业。 可能是受过私立教育的学生从事的工作报酬较高。
A more recent article written in September 2019 said that the state school pupils made up 68% of Cambridge University's total students.[13] This could be the result of Cambridge University launching a new scheme in recent years that ensures more university places are for children from disadvantaged backgrounds.12 The scheme came as a result of Cambridge University wanting one in three students coming from ‘under-represented and disadvantaged’ backgrounds.12 This has resulted in some controversy because it could potentially be seen as discriminatory to private school pupils and this is not fair either.
It is estimated that 41,000 children are financially assisted by private schools in the form of bursaries.[14] This shows that private schools are working to help give as many children as possible a private education by giving them a chance of attending a private school. This means that children, who may not ordinarily have had the financial means of attending private school, may now have the opportunity of doing so.
However in later life, a bursury student may want to apply to a university such as Cambridge and if the universities continue to increase their applicants from state schools, there is the risk that the university may not offer a place to a bursury student, as they attended a private school. Therefore, I feel that universities, especially Oxbridge, should review their plans for applicants.
然而，在以后的生活中，助学金学生可能想申请剑桥等大学，如果大学继续增加公立学校的申请者，大学可能不会为助学金学生提供名额，因为他们 就读于私立学校。 因此，我觉得大学，尤其是牛津剑桥，应该重新审视他们的申请计划。
I think that it would be a mistake for the Labour Party to abolish private schools. We live in a democratic society with Freedom of Choice, and by abolishing private schools this choice is being taken away. As of 11 May 2015, 17% of Labour MP’s went to private school[15] and is it, I believe, hypocritical of them to want to abolish the very establishments that they were educated in. These MP’s have had the benefit of attending private school, but now feel that they should take this opportunity away from children. Additionally, 32% of all MP’s in parliament had private education14. I hope that if a Bill aiming to abolish private schools was ever brought to the Houses of Parliament, it would not make it through the House of Commons to become law.
I believe that the Labour Party’s manifesto to abolish private schools should be scrapped. I think if the 650,0006 previously privated educated students entered the state system, it would put immense pressure on the education system and carries the risk of lowering the state education system standards. It is known that private schools have also provided investment funding and services for the public sector schools, so these schools would have more pupils and potentially less money.[16]
This could be catastrophic to the education of every child in the country and could even lead to a full or partial collapse of the education system, which is a worrying thought for everyone in this country. There will always be the argument that private schools are elitist, but I honestly do not think that abolishing private schools would lead to a fairer and more equal education for every child.
这可能对该国每个孩子的教育造成灾难性的影响，甚至可能导致教育系统全面或部分崩溃，这对这个国家的每个人来说都是一个令人担忧的想法。 总会有人说私立学校是精英主义的，但老实说，我不认为废除私立学校会给每个孩子带来更公平、更平等的教育。
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