代写毕业论文-The Advantages and Disadvantages of Globalization
1 Introduction
In the late 20th century, with the end of the Cold War, "globalization" has become the most popular topic today. Some economists believe that globalization is a good thing because it can make us be more wealthy, live a better life, travel around the world and enjoy life. But many other economists are skeptical. They point out that if globalization is really so good, why the international economy is so chaotic. This paper will carry through brief evaluation to the advantages and disadvantages of globalization, and explores that the measures should be taken during the process of globalization.
2 The Positive Influence of Globalization
The positive influence of globalization can be summarized as the following several points:
(1) As information technology makes the space distance shorten greatly, and the natural geographical distance competition limit has lost its meaning, the potential competitors can be seen all over the world, and they are fighting the become short capital investment and the corresponding labor posts. The capital investment and labor posts make the national a variety of policies realize by the tax. That is, globalization makes some countries become more competitive, more productive, more creative and innovative, which has led the countries rich and powerful.
(2) Modern information, communication technologies and the complex computer program can help people eliminate the time difference in different capital markets. In the multinational production networks, the time globalization is emerging. Time competition plays the crucial roles to the success in the globalization market. Just through the satellite communications, we can immediately understand what is happening around the world, from the Internet we can access a lot of information and valuable knowledge, therefore, the flow of goods, services, capital, ideas and information is more freely than the past, which bring great benefits for people all over the world.
(3) Globalization means new economy growth. Although there is increasing risk during the process of globalization, the countries which take part in economic cooperation and development organizations are becoming richer and richer, and at least the national wealth is growing (Porter, M.E, 2000). This shows that the developed and developing countries are beneficiaries of globalization.
(4) Globalization has opened up unexpected opportunities for the millions of people, including the former so-called developing countries. The world has never been so many people have so much choice opportunities just as today. As the international division of world scope, which make each nation and people have their chances in the process of economy development and technology progress (Lall. S, 2001). In many developing countries, from the eightieth of last century, massive foreign direct investment flowed, open international trade environment made these countries' exports grow, and the result was that these countries realized industrialization and modernization rapidly.
3 The Negative Influence of Globalization
However, while globalization has a positive side, but globalization brought / excessive competition has led to the emergence of the following series of negative factors, and the negative influences include the following several points:
(1) Among different countries, especially among developed countries and developing countries, they appeared the unbalance of social life and economy development. In addition, the whole world presented the polarization. Large amounts of data has revealed: In the past decade, the world's poorest five countries' incomes account for the global income less than 1%, the world's richest three families owned wealth is more than the poorest 6 billion people' annual total income. In the United States, the gap among the 10% richest and the poorest is also growing (World Economic Forum, 2008).
(2) The excessive development and destruction to the global ecosystem. For example, the increasing spread desertification, land erosion, the extinction of plant and animal species, marine and river pollution, etc. Especially the developed countries transfer the pollution industry production activities and pollution technology to the developing countries, so that it can depress the wages and force the workers to work in adverse conditions, which are the obvious facts.
(3) The power was concentrated in a few economy units without any supervision and control, such as the multinational and multi-regional companies, the global information and communication networks and so on. Today, 500 companies control 1/3 global GDP and 3/4 global trade, 12 companies will soon control the world food industry (World Economic Forum, 2008). Power is shifted from the politicians to the board meeting room. Moreover, the state powers are limited by the global and regional institutions and their rules. Multinational economic networks have broken the boundaries, and powerful multinational corporations and the international and regional non-governmental organizations which represent all kinds of faiths and benefits are invading the territory which should belong to some country. The state power is decreasing, and this is particularly obvious to the weak developing countries.
(4) The trade union rights are being damaged by the globalization. Globalization will produce negative influence to the trade union, association freedom and the collective bargaining rights. Globalization is causing the tense conditions and reducing some rights of labors. As the process of globalization, capital flows' high possibilities and production internalization, which greatly reduce the content and influence of collective bargaining for attracting more investment. Globalization has led the labor precarious, informal sectors' workers who are in frail health are excluded, and this trend is rapidly spreading.
4 The Measures and Strategies
Globalization has its advantages, but it has also its disadvantages for all countries. So every country should avoid the weaknesses, play up the strengths, use the globalization brought opportunities, and not only bring in, but also going out. Every country should actively strengthen its international competitive power, and try to strive for international economic cooperation. Only in this way, it can speed up the strategic adjustment of economic structure, promote economic long-term development, respond to the increasingly fierce international competition, and explore the international markets.
Reference
[1] Lall. S (2001), Competitiveness Indices and Developing Countries: An Economic Evaluation of the Global Competitiveness Report. World Development, 29(9), pp1501-1525.
[2] Porter, M.E (2000), Location, Competition, and Economic Development: Local Cluster in a Global Economy, Economy Development Quarterly, 14, pp15-34.
[3] World Economic Forum (2008), Global Competitiveness Report.